
Starbucks Coffee is rolling out Protein Lattes and Cold Foam across the US and Canada this month, but its use of whey powder is in direct contradiction to its climate goals.
The world’s largest coffee company is blending two popular food trends – protein-boosting and cold foam – with its newest innovations.
After a five-store trial in the summer, Starbucks is launching protein-boosted lattes and cold foam across the US and Canada on September 29. It’s part of the chain’s drive to modernise its menu with “innovative, relevant, and hype-worthy products”, according to chief brand officer Tressie Lieberman.
The Protein Cold Foam can top any cold beverage and comes in a variety of permanent and seasonal flavours, adding 15g of protein per 16oz Grande drink. In addition, Starbucks is introducing a permanent line of iced drinks with the cold foam (averaging 19-26g of protein per serving). Meanwhile, its protein-boosted milk (a blend of 2% milk and unflavoured protein powder) will deliver 27-36g of protein for the same size.
“Our new protein beverages tap into the growing consumer demand for protein in an innovative, premium and delicious way that only Starbucks can deliver,” Lieberman said.
The problem, however, is the use of whey as its protein powder source. By using dairy instead of an animal-free protein, the coffee company is pouring cold water on its sustainability plans and excluding a large share of consumers who felt alienated for years thanks to the company’s non-dairy milk surcharge.
Despite its sustainability goals, Starbucks’s emissions are on the rise

As is the case with any big business, Starbucks is a controversial company, from its union-busting habit to tax evasion, but when it comes to climate change, the Seattle-based firm has usually been on the right side.
A behemoth in the industry, it buys 3% of all coffee grown globally. With the crop under threat from the worsening climate crisis, there’s a very real possibility that 60 years from now, arabica coffee may not exist – or at least not in its current form anyway. So it has a responsibility to safeguard the industry.
To its credit, Starbucks has developed six arabica tree varietals that could withstand climate change and set up Farmer Support Centres to help coffee producers shift to more sustainable and profitable growing systems.
The company already has an ambitious sustainability goal, pledging a 50% reduction in its greenhouse gas emissions, water withdrawal, and waste sent to landfill by 2030. That, however, is not going well so far.
As of the 2024 financial year, its full-scope emissions had increased by nearly 3% since 2019, the baseline year for its sustainability plan.
And the share of emissions from fluid dairy purchases has remained steady at 13% (in contrast, green coffee purchases accounted for 12% of its emissions, down from 15% in 2019). In fact, 6% of its scope 1 and 3 emissions come from methane released by dairy farms.
Starbucks has been working to reduce its dairy footprint. It has invested $8M in the US Dairy Net Zero Initiative to date, launched a Sustainable Dairy Program to advance environmental stewardship and enhance farmer conditions in the US, and introduced a cost-share initiative to help dairy farmers adopt methane reduction technologies, renewable energy, and water efficiency improvements.
By adding whey protein to its permanent menu, instead of a more climate-friendly alternative, the coffee chain is getting in its own way when it comes to environmental improvements.
Whey protein will hurt Starbucks’s climate footprint

Since whey itself is a byproduct of the cheese industry, some may argue that Starbucks is potentially contributing to waste reduction by making use of the protein in its menu.
The truth, however, is more complicated. Whey may be a waste product, but it’s derived from an industry responsible for 4% of global emissions (twice as much as the aviation sector). According to CarbonCloud, producing a kg of whey protein in the US generates 20.84kg of CO2e.
In contrast, the same amount of unsweetened pea protein powder by Bob’s Red Mill emits 1.62kg of CO2e – that’s a 92% lower impact. Similarly, Ritual’s pea protein formulation, which includes coconut MCT oil, xanthan gum, sunflower lecithin, and tocopherols, has a climate footprint nine times lower than whey.
Estimates suggest that in the US, Starbucks sells around five million beverages a day. According to the company itself, cold foam is now used in one of every seven drinks (with year-on-year sales up by 23%). Using back-of-the-envelope calculations, this equates to nearly 715,000 drinks a day.
A recent survey by the International Food Information Council found that 70% of Americans are looking to eat protein this year. Applying that to Starbucks, if 70% of its cold foam buyers opt for the protein-boosted version, that’s 500,000 drinks a day.
Assuming its baristas will add 20g of protein powder to each drink on average (making up 15g of protein), the company will go through 10,000 kg of whey every day from cold foam in the US alone. That’s an extra 76,000 tonnes of CO2e per year, and equivalent to 4.5% of Starbucks’s climate footprint from fluid dairy purchases.
Add to that the vast amounts of milk-based drinks Starbucks sells every day, and the emissions go way further. In contrast, if the company were to use unsweetened pea protein powder, the estimated emissions could be nearly 13 times lower from cold foam drinks.
It’s not just plant proteins that are better for the environment – several companies make eco-friendly versions of whey from precision fermentation. Although costs remain high, life-cycle assessments show that these offer a vast improvement on whey when it comes to climate emissions.
For example, Perfect Day’s beta-lactoglobulin produces up to 97% fewer GHG emissions, uses up to 99% less water, and requires 29-60% less energy than conventional whey. Verley‘s version requires 81% less water and 99% less land, and generates 72% fewer emissions. Vivici‘s animal-free beta-lactoglobulin also has a 68% lower carbon footprint and uses 86% less water. All three companies are cleared to sell their ingredients in the US.
So yes, while Starbucks is modernising its menu and meeting Americans’ unprecedented demand for protein, it’s doing so at potentially great cost to the planet – and in direct contrast to its own climate goals.
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This post was originally published on Green Queen.