Category: Features

  • When the NSW Government removed all COVID restrictions on 15 December last year, there were 2,800 new COVID cases across Australia. Fast forward one month and, on 12 January, that number had escalated to 175,000 daily case numbers, before easing to the current number of around 37,000. How did these numbers move so rapidly and spiral out of control?

    Having so many sick people with COVID has opened up a wide range of other issues and having that amount of people unwell with COVID within the community meant that many people couldn’t work, including supply chain workers, people who deliver services and essential workers in hospitals and aged care homes. In addition, rapid antigen tests – which would have greatly assisted in managing the outbreak of COVID have been in short supply.

    It’s difficult to think of a way the NSW Government could have mismanaged this crisis any further. The statements coming from the NSW Premier, Dominic Perrottet, and Prime Minister Scott Morrison, that ‘nobody saw Omicron coming’ are simply not correct, with many health experts and epidemiologists predicting that fully removing restrictions without an adequate support system in place, would have these poor outcomes, and they also warned that an unhealthy community riddled with coronavirus would result in many essentials unable to work, and supply chains would be severely disrupted. Which is exactly what occurred in NSW during late December and January, and a situation that spread throughout all other states and territories across Australia, with the exception of Western Australia. Should the NSW Government have listened to the experts, rather than the business community?

    Of course, it’s always easier to be wise after the event, but the evidence was there, and the evidence was presented in vociferous way by the medical community: that a new strain of the coronavirus was coming, that it was far more virulent, that it was far more contagious. And there were many warnings that a high increase in COVID case numbers after removing restrictions would result in a far higher hospitalisation rate, more people in intensive care units, and more deaths, with the Doherty Institute predicting 80 deaths per day, within six months after the lifting of restrictions, if the appropriate systems of control were not implemented, claims that were ridiculed by some media commentators and senior politicians. On 31 January, Australia had a seven-day average of 86 deaths per day.

    And this has contributed to a summer of discontent experienced by many people. Morrison, promised a safe holiday when he said “the restaurants are opening and a big Christmas is coming for all of us” in his 2021 Christmas message. “Big”, yes, but not in the way Morrison anticipated. Many people in Sydney had to spend their Christmas in isolation, either because they had coronavirus, or they were waiting for their PCR tests, which were taking around four or five days to come through, and many aged care facilities were locked down for a few weeks.

    The expected retail bonanza failed to material, because people were afraid to venture out and many supply chains were disrupted because the government failed to arrive at the simple understanding that COVID doesn’t discriminate and that a high number of cases means that the chances of supermarket workers, forklifters, drivers, essential workers in hospitals and aged care homes being afflicted with COVID also increases. Which is exactly what occurred.

    This situation in NSW – which then spread to Victoria, Queensland, Tasmania, South Australia, the ACT and Northern Territory – wasn’t directly caused by the Morrison government: that was primarily the fault of the NSW Government, which had its third major event of COVID mismanagement, following on from the Ruby Princess disaster in March 2020, and it’s failure to adequately manage the Delta outbreak in June 2021. But the actions of the NSW Government to remove restrictions on 15 December were fully supported by Scott Morrison and the business community.

    To be sure; if a government is ideologically committed to removing restrictions and opening up the community, the least they could do is be prepared for the inevitable health outcomes. There should be an expectation that government would increase testing clinics; open up more vaccination centres and hubs; adequately source, secure, and supply rapid antigen tests and make them widely available.

    But the NSW Government did the opposite. They removed restrictions – only for them to be re-instigated one week later after the mistake was realised – many testing clinics were closed down for the Christmas period; many vaccination centres were closed for all of January; and rapid antigen tests were impossible to find for consumers; and the Prime Minister suggested individuals would need to manage their own health and a “greater level of self-regulation”. The management of this crisis was inadequate and the actions of the NSW Government and federal government seemed to be a either a deliberate act of pushing the spread of Omicron through the community – not that they could publicly come out announce this was intention all along, although the Queensland Chief Health Officer, John Gerrard, came close when he suggested the spread of Omicron was “inevitable and necessary – or, in the words of former Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull, the “worst failure of public administration in Australian history”.

    Many other developed countries are providing rapid antigen tests for free – there are currently six countries that offering this – or at cost price. In Australia, the tests are being sold for at least $15 per test, for a mark-up of around 400–500 per cent. And there are also Australian companies – AnteoTech and Lumos Diagnostics – currently awaiting approval from the Therapeutic Goods Administration to supply their testing kits to the domestic market but, instead, are supplying their products to international markets.

    In this environment, it would be reasonable to expect the Australian Government to step in and fast-track the approval process and support a domestic production sector, and supply domestically – after they were approved for use in the United States in February 2021 – but it’s difficult to comprehend why approvals have not yet occurred and why the government is keen to import rapid antigen tests, and deny local manufactures to follow the more sensible approach of producing in a local market, and supplying to a local market.

    It’s clear that rapid antigen tests have been used as yet another political, and a tool to provide favours for the business community. Aside from the issues of whether the tests should have been provided for free, it seemed more consistent with a de facto business stimulus package, where they were appearing in some unusual locations – phone repair shops, tobacconists, electronic stores, Harvey Norman, and at heavily marked-up prices through an artificially inflated market created by increasing demand and reducing supply.

    And, of course, this is the end result of governments ideologically linked to the desires of the business sector, and not the community. Towards the end of 2021, many businesses – large and small – complained incessantly about the need to in restrictions late last year to open up as soon as possible. On 15 December, they were granted their wish, but when COVID case numbers started to rise and shoppers deserted the malls, they then started to complain that the government removed restrictions too soon and they now weren’t the customers that were promised.

    Perhaps the main message to government is that stakeholders and vested interest will complain about anything – even if they are a government’s most vocal supporters – and it’s best to ignore those voices, listen to experts and proceed with what it in the interests of the community. Essentially, the NSW Government ended up with was the worst of both worlds: a sick workforce and a sick economy, and a lesson that in politics, it’s best to take in the bigger picture and not just stick rigidly to your ideological pursuits or listen to your political donors.

    This follows on from the continuing bungles in many aspects of the management of the pandemic by this government, and it would be hoping that all of these issues are resolved in time for the next federal election, which is due in May 2022. But there are limits to how much memory can be erased by the electorate for this mismanagement. A mistake can easily be forgotten about if there is a remedy applied and quickly resolved: that is the role and function of good government. The Morrison government appears to making mistakes followed by more mistakes, never implementing a solution until it’s far too late, and unable to learn from its mistakes. And, so, the mistakes continue. A missed Christmas or a miserable holiday spent in isolation from everyone and suffering the effects of COVID are events that are not easily forgotten. More people have died from COVID during January 2022, than died throughout all of 2021 and there are memories that cannot be erased simply because the federal government managed to get their supply and vaccines sorted out according to an election timetable, rather than when they were needed by the community.

    And it is becoming more apparent that the Ministers in charge at the federal level and at the state level in NSW, are not equipped for the tasks required of them, and seem to lack the intellect, experience, wisdom and leadership. And the results of this lack of skill are obvious to see and results in some of the more bizarre ideas coming into play, such as Morrison’s thought-bubble of children under the age of 18 obtaining licences to drive forklift trucks to rectify supply-chain issues and empty supermarket shelves. It’s also evident that the leaders that lacked intellect and created the problems in the first place, is not going to have the intellect required to solved those problems, and it was case where big business made a half-thought-out idea, which then ended up at the discussion table of the National Cabinet. And, after the idea was rejected by National Cabinet, it was lampooned as Morrison’s ‘onion-eating moment’ (in reference to the incident where former Prime Minister Tony Abbott ate a raw onion in 2015 and the political narrative he is so desperate to control, started navigated through to all the unwanted places of national ridicule.

    Every prime minister wants to control the ‘narrative’ and their political messaging, and one key message Morrison has been pushing through has been that nobody could “have seen Omicron coming”, his government was “blindsided” and could not have done stop its spread. But these are excuses and covering over a failure of leadership and a failure to take up that responsibility.

    Governments are the largest organisation in any country and have the resources and the personnel available to assess all of these situations: the community can’t do these tasks by themselves and the critical reason why governments exist.

    Government also perform risk assessments and the pros and cons of each decision they need to proceed with. That’s what governments do. Perhaps the federal government had the high-level risk assessments and strategies in place but decided to ignore those risks because it didn’t adequately reflect its political and ideological needs. The Omicron variant first appeared in early November 2021 in South Africa and this should be enough time for a government to clearly assess a situation and reduce threats as much as possible. This government failed to do this: they’ve had two years to prepare for new quarantine centres in Perth, Sydney, Brisbane and Melbourne but these tasks have not been completed yet. If there are problems in the creating of any of these tasks, governments have the ability to fast-track resources and ensure problems are resolved in the best interests of the community. That’s why governments exist.

    However, an incompetent and indolent government, with little pressure placed upon them by the mainstream media, one that feels that it can lie its way out of any predicament, will produce these kinds of results: chaos in the community, chaos in the economy, and a government that has almost lost all of its political capital. If only the Morrison government performed the work that was expected of them in the first place, they wouldn’t be in the political trouble they currently find themselves in, behind in the polls, and widely expected to lose the 2022 federal election.

    The community is discovering that this type of ideologically-driven, libertarian and anti-government government is not suited for these times. If they’re so committed to “removing government from people’s lives”, then they should vacate office at the next election and let those committed to strong and effective government manage the pandemic.

    The current centre of the Liberal Party in Australia now resides in NSW, and the Morrison–Perrottet model of non-government has failed – partly because both of those men are political failures anyway – but it’s also because it’s an extreme ideological model that could never work effectively, even when the political circumstances suited this style of thinking the 1980s and 1990s.

    In 2022, there is a series of byelections in NSW (February); a general state selection in South Australia (March); a federal election (May); and a general state election in Victoria (November). It will be a year that provides an opportunity to the electorate to outline what it really expects from government: a laissez faire approach to political management which has largely proven to be disastrous and ineffective; or a more constructive, effective and responsive approach to implementing solutions in the interests of the wider community, not just to the select few.


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    The post The continuing failure of libertarian governments appeared first on New Politics.

    This post was originally published on New Politics.

  • This German-based grocery chain expanded to the US in 1976 and since then, has slowly gained a cult-following thanks to its innovative, house-brand products and affordable prices. Now with over 60 locations in California, and more plant-based options than ever before, this store has us getting in on the craze and filling our carts with these 18 vegan goods.

     

    VegNews.Creamer@aldivegan

    1 Friendly Farms Non-Dairy Creamers

    Fill your cart with these caramel, vanilla, and sweet cream almond- and coconut-based coffee creamers. Your morning cup of coffee will thank you!

    VegNews.QuinoaBurger

    2 Vegan Quinoa Crunch Burgers

    Protein-packed black beans, sautéed red peppers, and roasted corn make up these thick, vegetable-loaded, crispy patties. We can’t wait for grilling season.

    VegNews.GarlicBread
    @lazzyvegan

    3 Ciabatta Breadsticks

    Accidentally vegan breadsticks? We’re so here for that, Aldi. Choose between herbaceous basil and parsley or savory garlic and parsley to dip in zesty, saucy marinara for the perfect side to your pasta dinner.

    VegNews.Ravioli
    @theveganzombie

    4. Eggplant with Yellow Pepper Ravioli

    Toss these ready-to-go vegan raviolis in fresh, bright pesto for a quick weeknight meal that’s sure to satisfy your craving for Italian food. Our tip? Sprinkle liberally with Violife vegan parm for the ultimate pasta night meal. 

    VegNews.PBIceCream
    @eatsbymo_

    5. Vegan Ice Cream Bars

    Don’t let the oat milk base fool you; these ice creams are very, very creamy. Dipped in chocolate and covered with a roasted peanut crunchy coating, these make the perfect end-of-the0night sweet bite.

    VegNews.RaspberryCheesecake
    @vegaroundtown

    6. Raspberry Cheesecake Coconut Ice Cream

    This pint of coconut-based ice cream is so delicious. Even better? Turn it into a sundae with dairy-free hot fudge and whipped cream.

    VegNews.BeanSnacks
    @aldi.mademedoit

    7. Bada Bean Bada Boom 

    Mesquite BBQ, Sea Salt, or Sweet Sriracha? Either way you can’t go wrong with these protein-rich, savory broad beans which make perfect road trip snacks. Stuff a couple bags in your desk drawers at work for when that craving strikes. 

    VegNews.Dressing
    @aldivegan

    8. Vegan Caesar and Ranch Salad Dressing

    Yes, even Aldi has its own house-labeled, creamy vegan dressings! Even more important? It’s only $4 per bottle! What a steal.

    VegNews.Cheese
    @biancaskitchen

    9. Vegan Mozzarella Cheese

    Pile these vegan cheese shreds on top of homemade pizzas, stuff them inside gooey quesadillas, and layer them into mile-high dips. However you eat them, these bags of cheesy goodness will soon become a staple for you.

    VegNews.ChocolateCake
    @detroitvegantwins

    10. Vegan Chocolate Cake 

    Deliciously fudgy, rich Belgian chocolate cake is just one grocery trip away. Pair this with a scoop of dairy-free ice cream for a perfect dessert! 

    VegNews.Potstickers
    @thefoodduo

    11. Vegetable Potstickers

    Fry these delicious little pockets up to serve as an appetizer at your next dinner party, or toss them into a bowl with rice, avocado, and cabbage for a quick weekday meal. They take only 10 minutes to go from frozen blocks to golden brown and ready-to-eat.

    VegNews.Cheese

    12. Vegan Cheese Sticks 

    Choose between Mozzarella or Cheddar breaded cheese sticks as a quick meal or midnight snack. Our personal favorite? Air fry them to perfection and then layer into a sub sandwich.

    VegNews.Oatmilk
    @thenofiltervegan

    13. Oatmilk

    Oatmilk is everywhere … including in the aisles of Aldi! Pick up a half gallon carton of Friendly Farms trendy dairy-free milk and pour it into your bowl of cereal, overnight oats, or bake into delicious sweet treats. 

    VegNews.Falafel
    @theamazingaldi

    14. Traditional Falafel

    When you’re rushing to pull a meal together, keep the hangries away with these easy and tasty heat-and-eat falafel balls. The garlic and herb or original are all delicious over salads, tossed in wraps, or simply dipped in hummus. 

    VegNews.CashewButter
    @aldifavoritefinds

    15. Creamy Cashew Butter

    Swap out your almond butter and peanut butter for irresistible creamy nut butter made from pure cashews. Spread this on your morning toast, top with fresh sliced bananas, hemp hearts, and a drizzle of maple syrup. 

    VegNews.TacoBell
    @aldiusafinds

    16. Taco Bell Chips

    This mega-popular-with-millennials fast-food chain debuted tortilla chips in their signature sauce flavors (Classic, Mild, and Fire) last year and now you can snag them on your next trip to Aldi.

    VegNews.RisottoBurger
    @vanessacooksvegan

    17. Mushroom Risotto Veggie Burger

    All the taste of creamy risotto in burger form! These tasty vegan burgers are packed with the nutrients and taste from six different vegetables and the satiating carbs from brown rice. Top these with more carmelized mushrooms and onions, vegan mayo, and fresh tomatoes for a tasty and quick meal. 

    VegNews.CookieBites
    @aldiusa

    18. Grain-Free Cookie Bites

    Grab a few bags of these gluten-free double chocolate chip or chocolate chip vegan-friendly cookies before you hit the checkout line for a healthy way to satisfy your sweet tooth.  

    Sarah McLaughlin is the New Products Editor atVegNews who can’t wait to check out her local Aldi after compiling this list.

    This post was originally published on VegNews.com.

  • Snacks are truly a godsend—they can get you through a busy work week, a cram session in a dimly lit library basement, and even the kind of colossal breakup that leaves you ugly-crying in that same sad basement searching for something to eat your woes away. To our delight, a number of companies have been making accidentally vegan snacks for years, and we’ve compiled a list of a few of our favorite go-to treats you can find practically anywhere. Bookmark this list for the next time you’re on a road trip in the middle of nowhere, in need of something to munch on at the movies, or trying to get through a difficult moment and are in need of some sweet or salty fuel.

    oreos

    1 Oreo cookies

    How could we not include the most iconic cookies to ever exist as the kick-off to this delectable list?
    Find it here.

    Pringles


    2 Pringles

    The ultimate stackable snack can be found at your local grocery store—just be sure to go for the vegan-friendly Original flavor (Barbecue is vegan in some regions; check for milk in the ingredients!).
    Find it here.

    Takis

    3 Takis

    Two flavors of these spicy, crunchy chips are vegan: Takis Fuego and Takis Nitro.
    Find it here.

    Unfrosted Pop-Tarts

    4 Unfrosted Pop-Tarts

    We already know which vegan flavors we’re having for a mid-morning snack tomorrow: Unfrosted Strawberry, Blueberry, and Brown Sugar.
    Find it here.

    Doritos Spicy Sweet Chili

    5 Doritos

    Finding these Spicy Sweet Chili-flavored tortilla chips at a vending machine or gas station is a safe bet.
    Find it here.

    Fritos

    6 Fritos

    The inventor of these salty corn chips was supposedly vegetarian. Try the Original and Bar-B-Q flavors for your dairy-free chip fix.
    Find it here.

    Fruit by the Foot


    7 Fruit by the Foot

    Introduced in 1991, the fruity snack is like childhood currency at lunchtime and playgrounds.
    Find it here.

    Ritz Crackers

    8 Ritz Crackers

    No butter is added to the original flavor of these buttery, versatile crackers—it’s made with vegetable oils—so enjoy them with vegan cheese, peanut butter, or salsa.
    Find it here.

    Sour Patch Kids

    9 Sour Patch Kids

    We’re ready to get our sweets fix with this chewy, soft, and gelatin-free candy. Even better? Beloved Sour Patch Watermelon is also vegan.
    Find it here.

    ruffles chips

    10 Ruffles Potato Chips

    Classic Original and Canadian cult favorite All Dressed are two dairy-free flavors of these recognizable crinkle-cut potato chips.
    Find it here.

    smarties candy

    11 Smarties

    We’re adorning ourselves with Smarties candy necklaces, bracelets, and rings. Nostalgia lane, here we come!
    Find it here.

    nature valley granola bars

    12 Nature Valley Crunchy Granola Bars

    Granola bars are a smart addition when packing your bag for hiking, studying, or travelling. Flavors such as Apple Crisp, Cinnamon, Maple Brown Sugar, Peanut Butter, Pecan Crunch, and Roasted Almond are positively plant-based.
    Find it here.

    Lay's Chips

    13 Lay’s Classic Potato Chips

    This common party staple’s Classic, Barbecue, Salt & Vinegar, and Lightly Salted Barbecue flavors have no animal-derived ingredients. Sports games and tailgates just got a whole lot simpler.
    Find it here.

    Smucker's Uncrustables

    14 Smucker’s Uncrustables

    You can expect to find these peanut butter and jelly sandwiches in the frozen aisle—the Grape Jelly and Strawberry Jam flavors are vegan. We’re packing them for our next picnic.
    Find it here.

    Haribo Sour S'ghetti

    15 Haribo Sour S’ghetti Gummi Candy

    It’s sometimes a search to find a gummy candy that has no gelatin, so discovering these gelatin-free sour gummies has us jumping for joy.
    Find it here.

    Thomas' New York Style Bagels

    16 Thomas’ New York Style Bagels

    If you’re craving a heartier snack, a bagel topped with vegan cream cheese or vegan butter is sure to satisfy. The Blueberry, Cinnamon Swirl, Everything, and Plain versions are plant-based.
    Find it here.

    Lindt dark chocolate bars

    17 Lindt Dark Chocolate

    Dark chocolate in 70, 80, 85, and 90 percent cacao varieties is healthy, right? Right! 
    Find it here.

    Clif Bars

    18 Clif Bars

    A quintessential snack to take for strenuous outdoor activities, every flavor is vegan except for Mini Blueberry Crisp.
    Find it here.

    Triscuit Crackers

    19 Nabisco Triscuit Crackers Baked Whole Grain Wheat

    We’re seeing a trend—crackers, crackers, and more vegan crackers! We’re diving into Fire Roasted Tomato and Rosemary & Olive Oil Triscuits with hummus and a glass of red wine for a small but titillating treat.
    Find it here.

    Nabisco Grahams

    20 Nabisco Grahams Original Crackers

    Snack-food giant Nabisco is clearly onto something. Its Ginger Snaps, Oreo 100 Calorie Packs, and Saltine Crackers are all also accidentally vegan. Keep ‘em coming!
    Find it here.

    Snyder's of Hanover Jalapeno Pretzels

    21 Snyder’s of Hanover Jalapeño Pretzel Pieces

    Jalapeño-flavored anything is sure to have us fired up, but jalapeño-flavored pretzels? Next level. Snyder’s Pretzel Sticks in Oat Bran and Pumpernickel & Onion are also vegan-friendly.
    Find it here.

    sun chips

    22 Sun Chips

    Often touted as a healthier chip option, it’s no surprise the Original flavor was also vegan all along.
    Find it here.

    VegNews.SwedishFish

    23 Swedish Fish

    Are our eyes deceiving us? Swedish fish?! Yes, please!
    Find it here.

    Nutter Butter

    24 Nutter Butter Cookies

    Shaped like peanuts with the same creamy, peanut butter taste, and accidentally vegan? We’ll take a case.
    Find it here.

    belVita Crunchy Breakfast Biscuits

    25 belVita Crunchy Breakfast Biscuits

    Ideal for someone on the go, these crunchy biscuits provide lasting energy and come in flavors such as Toasted Coconut and Cinnamon Brown Sugar.
    Find it here.

    Note: Ingredients may differ in every country. This list is only for products sold in the US.

    For more vegan snacks, read:
    The Best Vegan Snacks at Trader Joe’s 
    20 Vegan Snacks You Can Get at CVS
    20 New Vegan Finds at Target You May Not Know About.

    This post was originally published on VegNews.com.

  • Hot chocolate is the ultimate cold-weather drink. With winter just around the corner, we’re featuring 13 plant-based beverages that’ll have you wishing winter lasted all year long. From exotic and nutty to minty and spiked, this list has more than a dozen ways to make your chocolate dreams come true.

    VegNews.MinimalistBakerMayanDrinkingChocolateMinimalist Baker

    1 Vegan Mayan Drinking Chocolate

    One taste of this indulgent dessert by Minimalist Baker, and we’re in chocolate heaven. All you need are seven ingredients and 15 minutes to create this simple yet sophisticated beverage. Decadent dark chocolate is perfectly balanced with Mayan spices (cinnamon, nutmeg, and cayenne) in what will quickly become your new chocolate obsession.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.RunningwithSpoonsPumpkinHotChocolateRunning with Spoons

    2 Vegan Pumpkin Hot Chocolate

    Creamy vanilla almond milk is the base in Running With Spoons’ sweet treat (which tastes like autumn in a cup). A spiked pumpkin purée combines with maple syrup to create all the flavors you crave on a brisk winter day. Cozy up with a blanket and a mug of this cocoa to be transported back to the pumpkin patch.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.VeganChickpeaHazelnutSpicedHotChocolateVegan Chickpea

    3 Healthy Hazelnut Spiced Hot Chocolate

    Cinnamon and hazelnut essential oils are the secret ingredients in this inventive recipe, but that’s not all that adds to the magical taste in this cup of cocoa, as Vegan Chickpea also stirs in two spoonfuls of hazelnut butter for a deliciously nutty, toasty flavor in every mouthful.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.ASaucyKitchenGingerbreadHotChocolateA Saucy Kitchen

    4 Gingerbread Vegan Hot Chocolate

    This thick, velvety drink from A Saucy Kitchen will satisfy those holiday season cravings. Full-fat coconut milk creates the same thickness of dairy-based hot chocolate, while fragrant ginger, cinnamon, allspice, and vanilla add flavors reminiscent of the holiday season. Make a batch of gingerbread cookies for dunking, and we’re ready to deck the halls.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.BloodOrangeHotChocolateThe Almond Eater

    5 Blood Orange Hot Chocolate

    If you’re looking for a new (and different) way to enjoy hot chocolate, this zingy version from The Almond Eater is the way to go. Freshly squeezed blood orange juice and grated orange zest are mixed with traditional hot cocoa ingredients for a vibrant hot beverage that will put a spring in your step. Even better? This fun and unique recipe is ready in just 10 minutes and is made with only six ingredients.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.DarnGoodVeggiesRedVelvetHotChocolateDarn Good Veggies

    6 Red Velvet Hot Chocolate

    Darn Good Veggies has an antioxidant-rich surprise ingredient in this cocoa recipe—beet powder! Our favorite red vegetable adds an earthy, rich taste to this drink that pairs beautifully with the other ingredients. Cacao powder adds chocolatey flavor and more antioxidants, while Medjool dates add natural sweetness. Cheers to sweet health in a glass!
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.RabbitandWolvesSmoresDrinkingChocolateRabbit and Wolves

    7 Vegan S’mores Drinking Hot Chocolate

    This drinking chocolate is full of all the flavors in your favorite campfire treat. The luscious chocolate is flavored with everything you taste in a golden graham cracker (cinnamon, brown sugar, molasses and vanilla). Rabbit and Wolves then tops the piping hot cup of cocoa with toasted vegan marshmallows for a classic twist on a campfire favorite.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.HeartofaBakerCoconutHotChocolate2Heart of a Baker

    8 Creamy Vegan Coconut Hot Chocolate

    Heart of a Baker uses a blender to prepare this velvety mug of cocoa (she has a stove top alternative, too.) Chopped dark chocolate and shredded coconut are mixed with coconut milk in a high-powered blender until hot. For even more awesomeness, garnish with shredded coconut for a picture-perfect cup of hot chocolate that is smooth to the taste.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.RhiansRecipesRedWineHotChocolateRhian’s Recipes

    9 Vegan Red Wine Hot Chocolate

    Give your hot cocoa a boozy kick with a pour (or two!) of red wine. Surprisingly, the fruity aroma of red wine perfectly complements the rich, earthy flavor of dark chocolate. Rhian’s Recipes recommends using almond or cashew milk for the best dairy-free substitute in this recipe.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.LaurenCarisCooksPeppermintHotChocolateLauren Caris Cooks

    10 Vegan Peppermint Hot Chocolate

    Mint + chocolate = a dreamy hot chocolate match. In this recipe from Lauren Caris Cooks, peppermint extract adds refreshing notes to frothy almond milk coated with dark chocolate. Top with coconut whipped cream for a classic hot chocolate.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.TheHungryHerbivoresCoffeeMexicanDrinkingChocolateThe Hungry Herbivores

    11 Coffee Mexican Drinking Chocolate

    This pick-me-up beverage from The Hungry Herbivores is similar to a mocha, but better! Combine your favorite dark chocolate and strong-brewed coffee for a breakfast beverage with which you’ll want to indulge all morning long.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.LoveandLemonsMatchaWhiteChocolateLove & Lemons

    12 Matcha White Hot Chocolate

    For a fancy adult take on the classic cup of hot chocolate, try Love & Lemons’ bright, beautiful recipe featuring popular matcha tea powder. Start by whisking almond milk and vegan white chocolate, then stir in matcha for a comforting beverage that is delicious and visually stunning.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.HealthySlowCookingHotWhiteChocolateHealthy Slow Cooking

    13 Hot White Chocolate

    This thick, rich cocoa by Healthy Slow Cooking is made with homemade dairy-free milk and is sweetened naturally with dates before cacao butter and vanilla beans—scraped straight from the pod—are whisked in. Trust us—this silky drink is irresistible.
    Get the recipe here

    For more chocolaty recipes, read:
    Vegan Almond Hot Chocolate
    Chocolaty Vegan Molten Lava Cakes
    Crunchy Vegan Coconut Pecan Biscotti

    Stephanie Dreyer is a freelance writer and recipe developer on a mission to help families cook and eat healthier.

    This post was originally published on VegNews.com.

  • We all look forward to Thanksgiving leftovers, but this year, we’ll be making extra servings of our favorite dishes to transform into tantalizing meals the next day. From cranberry sauce and plant-based turkey to mashed potatoes and pumpkin pie, these 14 recipes guarantee that you’ll find a way to repurpose your surplus trimmings.

    VegNews.OhSheGlowsPumpkinCasseroleOh She Glows

    1 Pumpkin Pie Breakfast Casserole

    Pie for breakfast? We say “yes” with this fun morning treat from Oh She Glows. Leftover slices of pumpkin pie are chopped and combined with rolled oats, flaxseed, almond milk, and spices for a delicious treat that is easy as pie to make.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.KeepinItKindThanksgivingLeftoverSandwichesKeepin’ it Kind

    2 Gluten-free Thanksgiving Leftovers Sandwich

    This colorful stack from Keepin’ it Kind is the perfect post-holiday sandwich. Tempeh cutlets, green-bean casserole, sweet-potato bake, cranberry sauce, and gravy are layered between gluten-free sourdough bread for a mouthwatering meal that will have you feeling stuffed all over again.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.OhMyVeggiesLeftoverBreadOh My Veggies

    3 Leftover Cranberry Sauce Bread

    Chunky cranberry sauce gets a makeover in this moist and delicious bread from Oh My Veggies. With a just a few ingredients, you’ve got a festive loaf that you can serve with more cranberry sauce dolloped on top.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.TheVegLifeShepherd'sPieThe Veg Life

    4 Thanksgiving Leftovers Shepherd’s Pie

    This savory pie from The Veg Life is a mouthful of Thanksgiving in every bite. Spoon leftover glazed carrots, sautéed mushrooms, and green beans into a flaky pie crust. Then, layer with gravy, stuffing, and cranberry sauce before spreading a mound of dairy-free mashed potatoes on top. Sprinkle with vegan parmesan cheese, and you’re ready to celebrate Thanksgiving all over again.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.HotforFoodThanksgivingWafflesHot for Food

    5 Vegan Thanksgiving Waffles

    Hot for Food transforms mashed potatoes, plant-based turkey meat, gravy, and cranberry sauce into a savory waffle that you can make with leftovers from your feast (and eat in your stretchy pajamas). For a fun twist on the traditional holiday meal, serve breakfast for Thanksgiving dinner with these as your main course.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.TheSprucePotatoFrittersThe Spruce Eats

    6 Leftover Mashed Potato Patties with Swiss Chard

    Wilted greens and leftover mashed potatoes are combined with flour and seasonings, then flattened and fried into tasty cakes … all thanks to The Spruce Eats! Even better is the fact that these patties are ready in less than 30 minutes.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.ThanksgivingWrapThis Savory Vegan

    7 Vegan Thanksgiving Leftovers Wraps

    This Savory Vegan has all the flavors of Thanksgiving in these easy wraps. Pile cranberry sauce, leafy greens, wild rice, and plant-based meat onto a tortilla. Then, drizzle with gravy and fold for a quick and easy day-after lunch to trick your taste buds into thinking it’s still the main event.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.LiveEatLoveThanksgivingLeftoverBowlLive Eat Learn

    8 Vegan Thanksgiving Leftovers Bowls

    Mashed potatoes are the base for this bowl of Thanksgiving goodness. Live Eat Learn piles hers with Brussels sprouts and carrots, but build yours with whatever extras you have from your celebration. No vegan bowl is complete without a tasty dressing, and this one has a luscious gravy to pour on top.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.ConnoisseursVegThanksgivingSandwichConnoisseurus Veg

    9 Leftover Cranberry, Cider Slaw & Grilled Tempeh Vegan Thanksgiving Sandwich

    We’re salivating over the hearty flavors in this gourmet sandwich. Connoisseurus Veg repurposes leftover cranberry sauce by layering it with grilled tempeh and tangy slaw for a new taste of Thanksgiving.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.SeitanBeatsYourMeatThanksgivingLeftoverPizzaSeitan Beats Your Meat

    10 Thanksgiving Leftovers Pizza

    Seitan Beats Your Meat trades gravy for marinara sauce and spreads leftover holiday bounty across a pizza crust. Top with melty vegan cheese, and you’ve got a fun meal to pair with your favorite holiday flick for “pizza and a movie night” during the long weekend.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.BlissfulBasilParfaitBlissful Basil

    11 Vegan Cranberry-Pecan Yogurt Parfaits

    Nourish yourself the day after holiday feasting with this breakfast treat from Blissful Basil. Cranberry sauce and homemade gluten-free pecan granola are layered between spoonfuls of dairy-free yogurt, while pomegranate seeds and diced kiwi add an elegant finishing touch.
    Get the recipe here

    VegNews.BigMan'sWorldPumpkinMuffinsThe Big Man’s World

    12 Healthy Blender Sweet Potato Muffins

    These flourless treats from The Big Man’s World are quick and easy with leftover mashed sweet potatoes, and are made without butter, oil, or sugar, and are naturally gluten-free, vegan, sugar-free, and dairy-free. Toss all the ingredients into a blender for a no mess, no fuss, moist and fluffy snack.
    Get the recipe here

    Stephanie Dreyer is a freelance writer and author on a mission to help families cook and eat healthier.

    This post was originally published on VegNews.com.

  • Holidays can be difficult for vegans, but no day presents as many problems as Thanksgiving—especially if it’s been a while since you’ve been able to see your extended family. Sure, this food-filled Thursday is meant to be a celebration of things for which we are thankful, but once you go vegan, the idea of staring at a dead bird doesn’t sound so gracious. Some vegans avoid this exploitation by celebrating Thanksgiving alone, but skipping out on the festive event is no fun during the holidays, which creates a dilemma for vegans: suffer or get tough. Naturally, we’ve chosen the latter, and in doing so have found seven ways to reclaim Thanksgiving as a day we look forward to. Here’s how we’ll be surviving Thanksgiving this year and all the years to come.

    1 Supply your own food

    Thanksgiving 2021 brings its own unique set of challenges for all, not just vegans. Whether you’re still doing a virtual celebration in the comfort of your own home or seeing family for the first time in a while, make it easy for everyone, especially yourself, by providing your own food for this annual holiday feast. No matter what the night’s master chef told you about them making plenty of vegan options for you, providing some of your own dishes never hurts. The chef might initially side-eye you, but supplying your own food allows you to take control of what you eat and how much you shovel onto your plate. Not much of a cook? Peruse through the different veg-friendly holiday meal offerings often available for pre-order in specialty grocery stores.

    2 Leave your activism (and your judgment) for another time

    Similar to anything else, activism has to be calculated to be as effective as it can possibly be, and a holiday gathering with friends and family is not the place for informing people of the world’s horrors. In the same way most business deals are done outside of business hours, your activism should be saved for the right situations for maximum effectiveness. Unless you were raised vegan from birth, and never swayed, you were once in the same seat your family and friends are in now. Think about how you would have responded to being or feeling attacked. Would you have listened intently and changed that day, or labeled them annoying and judgmental and vowed never to be like them? Just like a vampire can come inside of a home they’re invited to, people will listen to something only if they’re interested.

    3 Change the angle (if you’re celebrating with your non-vegan household)

    We’re not talking about the angle of the conversation or even the TV—we’re talking about the angle of the turkey on the table. For vegans celebrating with their non-vegan household, a Thanksgiving feast is comprised of a lot of food, so asking to arrange the table so that the carcass is out of sight can make the situation tolerable. 

    4 Get spotlight-ready

    Every Thanksgiving, like clockwork, vegans get a barrage of questions from people about our lifestyles. Generally, these questions aren’t malicious: they’re questions the uninformed have about veganism, so it’s best to be ready to answer them as accurately and patiently as possible. Whether you’re celebrating on Zoom or sharing a meal with your curious, non-vegan household, get ready—the questions are coming. 

    5 Throw a (virtual) party

    Just can’t bear another holiday celebration in which a dead animal takes center stage? If so, we suggest hosting (or co-hosting) your own Thanksgiving celebration, virtual or otherwise. Then, you’re totally in charge! You can share your own vegan recipes with guests and even gift them all the ingredients for a plant-based utopia. 

    6 Hold the wall

    Yup, this is a Game Of Thrones reference, but it might be the most important tip. You have to be able to hold down your vegan wall, which translates to you being able to show pride, confidence, and conviction in the eyes and presence of people who might think you’re insane because you aren’t partaking in Thanksgiving in the traditional sense. You’ll be the measuring stick as to what veganism is to many people, so if you make it look hard, super-inconvenient, or something anything other than a normal, everyday thing, then that’s what it’ll seem to them. To remedy this, show them your best side and be a lion of a vegan.

    7 Don’t let your loud uncle get to you

    We all have that uncle who’s never amounted to much in his life, yet he’s the loudest person at the family gathering … especially after he’s had a few sips of eggnog. He’s definitely going to be at your family’s Thanksgiving dinner, and when he finds out you’re vegan, he is going to test your patience. Know that his insensitive words are coming, and don’t let him get to you. Instead, calmly explain your stance until some other topic grabs his attention—or he passes out from drinking too much.

    For more vegan Thanksgiving ideas, read:

    Nearly One-Third of Americans Are Considering a Meat-Free Thanksgiving
    The Ultimate Guide to Vegan Thanksgiving Sides
    10 Vegan Thanksgiving Entrees That Keep Turkeys Off the Table

    Photo credit: Kate Lewis

    This post was originally published on VegNews.com.

  • In the age of food delivery, meal kits, and nightly takeout culture, it is perfectly acceptable to keep your kitchen spotless this holiday and order your Thanksgiving to-go. Think of it as ordering a catering service for an event, and there’s no shame in that. Vegan and vegan-friendly restaurants are offering more plant-based Thanksgiving packages than ever before, so we might as well take advantage of this delicious convenience. Pick your favorite restaurant from the list below and place your order today—really, don’t wait, because most order deadlines are coming up soon. 

    VegNews.WholeFoodsHerbivorousButcherHerbivorous Butcher

    1 Herbivorous Butcher 

    This Minneapolis-based vegan butchery and deli is first on the list for a reason—they sell out fast! The epic Turkey-Fee feast includes all the meaty mains you need for Thanksgiving, plus a few extras. You’ll receive two 2.5-pound Stuffed Turkeys, Maple Bacon, Portuguese Sausage, Fig Brie, Olive Havarti, and a package of Kelly’s Croutons to make stuffing from scratch. Most of these items are also available à la carte, which is a preferable option for smaller holiday gatherings. 
    Find it here

    VegNews.VeestroVeestro

    2 Veestro

    For those who don’t love cooking, it’s hard to justify preparing an entire Thanksgiving spread just for yourself. Veestro’s single-serve options are ideal for those traveling to non-vegan homes. Pack up your convenient Herb Crusted Turk’y Dinner, Turk’y Scaloppini, Cauliflower Milanese Dinner, or Holiday Shepherd’s Pie and you’ll have a Thanksgiving meal for one ready to pop into the oven. Swing by Whole Foods for its half-sized vegan pumpkin pie to ensure you have something sweet.
    Find it here

    VegNews.PurpleCarrotthanksgivingPurple Carrot

    3 Purple Carrot

    This year will likely be the first time many people attempt to prepare Thanksgiving dinner on their own. Purple Carrot is here to offer a bit of help. The five-course box includes everything you need to prepare a feast—the menu is set, the ingredients are pre-measured, and the instructions are clear. Just follow the directions and you can whip up an impressive meal for four including Quinoa Stuffed Delicata Squash, Rustic Ciabatta Stuffing, gravy, cranberry sauce, roasted brussels sprouts, and Pear Cranberry Crisp.
    Find it here

    VegNews.MamasezzMamaSezz

    4 MamaSezz

    MamaSezz is looking out for everyone who follows a special diet—even on Thanksgiving. The oil- and gluten-free Holiday Bundle includes a fully prepared feast for three to four people or about five days worth of holiday-themed meals for one. The hefty, 10-item box includes Veggie Sausage, Veggie Loaf, cranberry chutney, cornbread, rice pudding, scalloped potatoes, mashed sweet potatoes, Hungarian Mushroom Soup, and more. We’re always pleasantly surprised when healthy food tastes this good. 
    Find it here

    VegNews.MacandYeaseMac and Yease

    5 Mac and Yease

    For those who have yet to master the art of vegan mac and cheese, you can have it shipped to your door. Formerly confined to the hot bar at Whole Foods, Chef Ayindé’s Original Mac and Yease, Jalapeño Cheddar Mac and Yease, and BKLN Bolognese are now available for nationwide shipping. Heat and eat has never been so satisfying.
    Find it here

    VegNews.PlantablePlantable

    6 Plantable 

    We were blown away by this vegan meal delivery company back when we did our taste test, and we’re extremely excited for the brand’s first Thanksgiving Box. The five-course meal for six upholds Plantable’s standards—refined sugar free, gluten-free, and nourishing, minimally processed plant foods—while still delivering on the holiday’s tasty classics. Expect a lentil-based Thanksgiving Loaf with orange cranberry sauce, Not-So-Stuffing Stuffing with Plantable Gravy, creamed spinach, mashed sweet potatoes with rosemary pecans, and pumpkin pie mousse with walnut crumble. Already have your feast planned out? Order this for the week after when you’re craving something lighter but can’t shake the taste for festive foods. 
    Find it here

    VegNews.GisellespiesGiselle’s Vegan Kitchen

    7 GTFO It’s Vegan

    This vegan online grocer offers the most variety of any option on this list. Mix and match your favorite store-bought brands to create a celebratory dinner without venturing into a crowded store. Choose from a selection of Vegetarian Plus vegan meats, Abe’s cornbread muffins and sweet pound cakes, Field Roast holiday stuffed roasts, Immaculate Baking biscuits, Simply Layered pies, and more. You can also find specialty products not available at most retailers such as The Butcher’s Son Chicken Pot Pie and sweet treats by Giselle’s Vegan Kitchen. When shopping is this easy, you can have Thanksgiving dinner every day of the week. 
    Find it here

    For more vegan Thanksgiving eats, read: 
    7 Vegan Pies That Ship Nationwide

    Chef Chloe Coscarelli Partners With Whole Foods for a Vegan Thanksgiving Meal

    The Ultimate Guide to Vegan Holiday Roasts

    This post was originally published on VegNews.com.

  • Do you go as gaga for new Trader Joe’s products as we do? Well, we’re not sure that’s humanly possible, but with more plant-based options than ever appearing on the shelves of TJ’s, shoppers like us are flocking there for our vegan fix. Lucky for us die-hard fans, the holiday season’s new items have debuted, which is why we’re stocking up on affordably priced Thanksgiving essentials, vegan whipped cream, and fancy beverages. Here are our picks for the can’t-miss TJ finds of the the moment:

    VegNews.TraderJoesNog@trader_joes_treasure_hunt

    1 Oat Nog

    When Almond Nog began appearing on store shelves, we knew the holiday season was here. This creamy, lightly spiced, festive beverage is perfect for serving at your holiday parties.

    VegNews.Gingerbreadloaf@traderjoesnew

    2 Vegan Gingerbread Loaf

    This perfectly moist, ginger- and cinnamon-spiced loaf is found in the baked goods section of the store. Slice up and serve with a hot cup of tea for the ultimate night in. 

    VegNews.PeppermintMarshamallows@bigboxvegan

    3 Mini Peppermint Marshmallows

    We’re topping our hot chocolates with these adorable, mini, gelatin-free vegan marshmallows this holiday season. Toss them into chocolate cookie dough, pre-baking, for a delicious vegan hot chocolate cookie. 

    VegNews.JoeJoes@veganreviewsatoz

    4 Pumpkin-Flavored Joe Joe’s

    Everyone’s favorite Trader Joe’s cookie has gotten a fall makeover. These seasonal cookie sandwiches are plant-based and totally irresistable. 

    VegNews.TJsPumpkin@thatjerseyveghead

    5 Pumpkin Oat Beverage

    This lightly spiced oat milk has all the flavors of pumpkin spice season and is delicious for whirling into seasonally inspired smoothies and shakes.

    6 Coconut Whipped Topping

    The first dairy-free whipped cream ever to grace Trader Joe’s shelves is here! Stock up on cans of this for topping pies, fresh berries, or for spraying directly into your mouth.

    7 Chocolate Peppermint Almond Beverage

    Peppermint hot chocolate, here we come! Rich cocoa and refreshing peppermint unite for a spirited beverage you can enjoy hot or cold.

    VegNews.TurkeylessRoast@traderjoesgoesvegan

    8 Breaded Turkey-Less Stuffed Roast with Gravy

    Simplify your holidays by picking up this ready-made roast, which comes complete with rich vegan gravy.

    9 Scandinavian Tidings Gummies

    These soft and chewy fruit gummies in the shape of Christmas trees, stars, and ornaments, are totally gelatin-free, making them suitable for vegans. 

    VegNews.GingerbreadCake@traderjoesnew

    10 Gingerbread Cake & Cookie Mix

    Simply swap in a vegan egg replacer, and you’ve got another easily veganized seasonal baking mix. Make it even better by topping with Trader Joe’s new vegan Coconut Whipped Topping (see #6)!

    11 Pistachio Cranberry Bites

    When a snack craving hits, you’ll be glad you picked up a bag of these agave-sweetened pistachio cranberry clusters.

    12 Candy Cane Joe-Joe’s

    Everyone’s favorite Christmas-inspired cookies are back on shelves, and we can’t wait to dip them in almond milk, bake them into seasonal desserts, and eat them straight from the box. 

    13 Maple Pecan Shortbread Bar Mix

    Crunchy maple-sweetened pecans and buttery shortbread crust are the ultimate holiday dessert (just use a vegan egg replacer to make totally vegan).

    This post was originally published on VegNews.com.

  • While vegan artisanal doughnuts may never go out of style, there’s a different dessert that also comes in a bright pink cardboard box: pan dulce. Vegan Latinx food is booming, and the cuisine has so much more to enjoy than just jackfruit tamales and seitan-style chorizo. Pan dulce or “sweet bread” is a term for traditional Mexican pastries served from panaderias, or “bakeries,” and a number of vegan vendors are trying their hand at veganizing these authentic sweet treats. If you’re tired of your usual jelly-filled doughnut or simply craving something different, find a new tasty favorite in one of these 14 Mexican classics.

    VegNews.SoyConchaBakery1@jessica.steinberg/Instagram

    1. Conchas

    Conchas are king when it comes to pan dulce. These iconic rounds of sweet bread are a panaderia staple. They get their name from the seashell-shaped sugar coating that is stamped on each one prior to baking. The fluffy, bready base remains the same, but the sugar design comes in various flavors such as chocolate, vanilla, and strawberry. While store owners keep up a steady supply during opening hours, conchas are best served warm, straight out of the oven.

    VegNews.SoyConchaBakery2@happyhealthyvegan/Instagram

    2. Orejas

    Many will recognize these slightly sticky sweet pastries as elephant ears or palmiers. The flaky, buttery dough is shaped like an oreja, which literally translates to “ear.”

    VegNews.SoyConchaBakery3VegNews

    3. Puerquitos

    Look for the pig-shaped cookies and you’ll discover puerquitos. Beyond the shape, these sturdy molasses cookies also get their name from one of their main ingredients: lard. No need to worry with a vegan vendor; these bakers have mastered the art of preserving tradition while eliminating all animal ingredients.

    VegNews.SoyConchaBakery4@veganconsultant/Instagram

    4. Cuernos

    The crescent shape may remind you of a croissant, but these pastries offer a different tasting experience entirely. Cuernos are doughier and fluffier than croissants, which are light and flaky by contrast. However, cuernos are equally as messy, as they’re dusted with a light coating of superfine sugar that is sure to stick to your fingers. No judgment if you lick it off!

    VegNews.SoyConchaBakery5@soyconchabakery/Instagram

    5. Conos

    Even if you don’t speak Spanish, it’s not a stretch to guess what conos look like. These cone-shaped pastries are filled with rich vegan custard or cream, and they are typically slathered with a curtain of chocolate. Order one (or two) for a decadent dessert.   

    VegNews.SoyConchaBakery6@happyhealthyvegan/Instagram

    6. Bolillos

    Need something savory to balance the sweet? Take home a few bolillos, which are similar to short baguettes. These miniature loaves are crusty on the outside and soft on the inside, and you’ll often find them stuffed with delicious savory fillings. The most common is vegan cream cheese and jalapenos. Yes, they have a kick!

    VegNews.SoyConchaBakery7@soyconchabakery/Instagram

    7. Tres Leches

    Cake fans look no further than a slice of tres leches. This Mexican cake is traditionally made with whole milk, sweetened condensed milk, and evaporated milk for the ultimate moist vanilla cake. Vegan options are no less satisfying than the original. Each slice sits in a pool of perfectly sweet non-dairy condensed milk and is topped with light vegan whipped cream. Some bakers, such as Soy Concha Bakery in Santa Ana, CA, are even making cookies and cream tres leches!

    VegNews.SoyConchaBakery8@organicauthority/Instagram

    8. Galletas

    Panaderias are always stocked with a variety of galletas, or cookies. Traditional galletas are firm and crumbly in texture, but the toppings vary. Some are decorated with chocolate chips, others with sprinkles, and then there are the kids’ (and many adults’) favorite—the smiley face galletas. Simple in design, these whimsical cookies are made with strawberry jam for the eyes and mouth, then dusted with fine white sugar. One bite and you can’t help but smile.

    VegNews.SoyConchaBakery9@soyconchabakery/Instagram

    9. Elotes

    Elotes are simple, corn-shaped pastries dusted in sugar. Whether they are plain or filled with chocolate, these are best eaten warm and served with a large paper cup of hot coffee or champurrado.

    VegNews.SoyConchaBakery10@soyconchabakery/Instagram

    10. Empanadas

    You may have heard of savory empanadas, but panaderias put a sweet spin on these calzone-shaped baked goods. The slightly sweetened pie with dough-like crust can be filled with a number of delicacies, including dulce de leche, guava paste, or pineapple purée.

    VegNews.SoyConchaBakery11@soyconchabakery/Instagram

    11. Cortadillo

    Cortadillos are reminiscent of the humble snack cake. Moist, slightly crumbly, and frosted with a simple sweet glaze—one square will satisfy your sweet tooth and your soul.

    VegNews.SoyConchaBakery12@soyconchabakery/Instagram

    12. Mil Hojas

    Get ready to ride on a pastry cloud. Mil hojas are delicate layered treats made with light-as-air puff pastry, whipped cream, and fresh fruit. Just be warned: these are addictive.

    VegNews.SoyConchaBakery13@sapling_vegan/Instagram

    13. Besos

    Looks like a cookie, eats like a cake. These bright pink balls of crumbly vanilla-flavored cake are glued together with a thin layer of sweet strawberry jam then rolled in sweetened coconut flakes. The question is: what is the best way to eat a beso? Take them apart and eat the halves, or go all in with one big bite? Either way, they are guaranteed to be delicious.

    VegNews.SoyConchaBakery14@soyconchabakery/Instagram

    14. Champurrado

    While not a baked good, champurrado is the perfect companion to pan dulce. This thick, masa-based hot chocolate drink is unlike any sipping chocolate you’ve ever had, and it warms the belly like a comforting hug. Skip the coffee and dunk your concha into a steamy mug of champurrado.

    This post was originally published on VegNews.com.

  • This German-based grocery chain expanded to the US in 1976 and since then, has slowly gained a cult-following thanks to its innovative, house-brand products and affordable prices. Now with over 60 locations in California, and more plant-based options than ever before, this store has us getting in on the craze and filling our carts with these 18 vegan goods.

     

    VegNews.Creamer
    @aldivegan

    1. Friendly Farms Non-Dairy Creamers
    Fill your cart with these caramel, vanilla, and sweet cream almond- and coconut-based coffee creamers. Your morning cup of coffee will thank you!

     

    VegNews.QuinoaBurger
    @mercyforanimals

    2. Vegan Quinoa Crunch Burgers
    Protein-packed black beans, sautéed red peppers, and roasted corn make up these thick, vegetable-loaded, crispy patties. We can’t wait for grilling season.

     

    VegNews.GarlicBread
    @lazzyvegan

    3. Ciabatta Breadsticks
    Accidentally vegan breadsticks? We’re so here for that, Aldi. Choose between herbaceous basil and parsley or savory garlic and parsley to dip in zesty, saucy marinara for the perfect side to your pasta dinner.

     

    VegNews.Ravioli
    @theveganzombie

    4. Eggplant with Yellow Pepper Ravioli
    Toss these ready-to-go vegan raviolis in fresh, bright pesto for a quick weeknight meal that’s sure to satisfy your craving for Italian food. Our tip? Sprinkle liberally with Violife vegan parm for the ultimate pasta night meal. 

     

    5. Vegan Almond Milk Ice Cream
    Don’t let the almond milk base fool you; these ice creams are very, very creamy. We’re pairing the Mocha Fudge with hot chocolate sauce, mini-marshmallows, and a pile of whipped coconut cream for the perfect sundae of our dreams.

     

    6. BBQ Chickenless Burgers
    Crispy breading and a delectable soy protein-based patty loaded with BBQ seasoning make for a burger fit for grilling season. Pile this up with even more barbecue sauce, onion rings, creamy slaw, and tangy pickles. You’ll thank us later.

     

    VegNews.BeanSnacks
    @aldi.mademedoit

    7. Enlightened Foods Bean Snacks 
    Mesquite BBQ, Sea Salt, or Sweet Sriracha? Either way you can’t go wrong with these protein-rich, savory broad beans which make perfect road trip snacks. Stuff a couple bags in your desk drawers at work for when that craving strikes. 

     

    VegNews.Dressing
    @aldivegan

    8. Vegan Caesar and Ranch Salad Dressing
    Yes, even Aldi has its own house-labeled, creamy vegan dressings! Even more important? It’s only $4 per bottle! What a steal.

     

    VegNews.Cheese
    @biancaskitchen

    9. Vegan Mozzarella Cheese
    Pile these vegan cheese shreds on top of homemade pizzas, stuff them inside gooey quesadillas, and layer them into mile-high dips. However you eat them, these bags of cheesy goodness will soon become a staple for you.

     

    VegNews.ChocolateCake
    @detroitvegantwins

    10. Vegan Chocolate Cake 
    Deliciously fudgy, rich Belgian chocolate cake is just one grocery trip away. Pair this with a scoop of dairy-free ice cream for a perfect dessert! 

     

    VegNews.Potstickers
    @thefoodduo

    11. Vegetable Potstickers
    Fry these delicious little pockets up to serve as an appetizer at your next dinner party, or toss them into a bowl with rice, avocado, and cabbage for a quick weekday meal. They take only 10 minutes to go from frozen blocks to golden brown and ready-to-eat.

     

    12. Vegan Cheese Sticks 
    Choose between Mozzarella or Cheddar breaded cheese sticks as a quick meal or midnight snack. Our personal favorite? Air fry them to perfection and then layer into a sub sandwich.

     

    VegNews.Oatmilk
    @thenofiltervegan

    13. Oatmilk
    Oatmilk is everywhere … including in the aisles of Aldi! Pick up a half gallon carton of Friendly Farms trendy dairy-free milk and pour it into your bowl of cereal, overnight oats, or bake into delicious sweet treats. 

     

    14. Spaghetti with Vegan Bolognese
    When you’re rushing out the door to work, with no time to throw together a lunch, avoid the hangries and keep a few of these heat-and-eat, meaty bolognese pastas in your fridge. Each serving has 17 grams of plant-based protein to keep you satiated all day long.

     

    VegNews.CashewButter
    @aldifavoritefinds

    15. Creamy Cashew Butter
    Swap out your almond butter and peanut butter for irresistible creamy nut butter made from pure cashews. Spread this on your morning toast, top with fresh sliced bananas, hemp hearts, and a drizzle of maple syrup. 

     

    VegNews.TacoBell
    @aldiusafinds

    16. Taco Bell Chips
    This mega-popular-with-millennials fast-food chain debuted tortilla chips in their signature sauce flavors (Classic, Mild, and Fire) last year and now you can snag them on your next trip to Aldi.

     

    VegNews.RisottoBurger
    @vanessacooksvegan

    17. Mushroom Risotto Veggie Burger
    All the taste of creamy risotto in burger form! These tasty vegan burgers are packed with the nutrients and taste from six different vegetables and the satiating carbs from brown rice. Top these with more carmelized mushrooms and onions, vegan mayo, and fresh tomatoes for a tasty and quick meal. 

     

    VegNews.CookieBites
    @aldiusa

    18. Grain-Free Cookie Bites
    Grab a few bags of these gluten-free double chocolate chip or chocolate chip vegan-friendly cookies before you hit the checkout line for a healthy way to satisfy your sweet tooth.  


    Sarah McLaughlin is the New Products Editor atVegNews who can’t wait to check out her local Aldi after compiling this list.

    This post was originally published on VegNews.com.

  • If you’re thinking that we’re going to have a beverage today for our backyard quarantine-style National Beer Day festivities, you’d be correct. But what you might not know is that we’re stepping up our brew game by featuring seven plant-based dishes that are made with this frosty drink. Beer has made its way into the food-trend scene, which means everyone can enjoy a frosty libation. From moist stout cupcakes and beer-battered tofu tacos to chocolate stout brownies and beer macaroni and cheese, we’ve compiled a list of the tastiest beer-infused vegan dishes to whet your appetite. So, raise your glass, but don’t take a sip. Instead, enjoy beer cooked into your food. Cheers!

    Brats
    Thyme & Love

    1. Vegan Beer Brats

    With baseball season in swing, Beer-infused brats are the perfect addition to any Beer Day celebration. Do like Thyme & Love and cook your favorite Beyond Meat brats in a bath of your go-to summer brew for a flavor you won’t soon forget. Served between soft pretzel buns and loaded with all the fixings, dress up this classic with a side of potato salad (or even baked beans!) for the ultimate meal. 
    Get the recipe

    VegNews.JackieSobonThaiBBQSliders
    Vegan Yack Attack

    2. Thai BBQ Beer Can Cabbage with Daikon Slaw

    If you’re the kind of person who likes to experiment with your food, try these inventive sliders from cookbook author (and VegNews contributor) Jackie Sobon. Packed with barbecued beer cabbage (which involves gutting a cabbage, adding beer into it, and slow-grilling the beer-stuffed cabbage until tender and infused with hoppy goodness), the sandwich’s Asian-inspired barbecue sauce and bright daikon slaw make for an incredible handheld.
    Get the recipe

    VegNews.JackieSobonThaiBBQ
    Vegan Yack Attack

    3. Beer & Brat Mac ‘n’ Cheese

    Another delicious culinary invention from the kitchen of Jackie Sobon, this Oktoberfest-worthy macaroni and cheese is the ultimate comfort food. The cashew-based sauce is completely swoon-worthy thanks to its luxuriously creamy texture and added oomph from the Golden Ale beer. We’d smother almost anything with it, but Sobon pairs it with perfectly cooked pasta and hearty chunks of vegan seitan bratwurst.
    Get the recipe

    VegNews.MinimalistBakerChili
    Minimalist Baker

    4. Vegan Beer Chili

    Is it okay to drink alone if you pour the beer into a pot of chili? We say yes, which is why Minimalist Baker’s one-bowl wonder is our staple for nights spent curled up on the couch. Although the recipe serves eight, we find it’s best suited for the single lifestyle. Simple ingredients? Check. Easy prep? Yep (less than an hour). Freezer-friendly? You bet! Plus, the beer gives it a robust flavor, and the beans give this soup substance. Serve it in a pint glass for a festive touch and enjoy your party of one.
    Get the recipe 

    VegNews.HotforFoodBowlDip
    Hot for Food 

    5. Vegan Beer & Cheddar Bread Bowl Dip

    Beer and cheese is the harmonious adult equivalent to peanut butter and jelly, which might explain why Hot for Food created the ultimate gooey, cheesy, plant-based dip perfect for a movie night in (Seaspiracy, anyone?). The dip relies on potatoes and cashews for its classically thick consistency, while the beer, spices, and pickled jalapeños enhance its bold, complex flavor. The dip is poured into a bread bowl and topped with vegan cheddar, green onion, and coconut bacon, so forgo the accoutrements and start ripping this bowl apart.
    Get the recipe

    VegNews.KathyPatalskyBeerBatteredTofuTacos
    Healthy Happy Life

    6. Crispy Beer-Battered Tofu Tacos

    Those who say they don’t like tofu obviously have never had Kathy Patalsky’s beer-battered creation. The blogger transforms these bland bricks of soy into craveable, beer-soaked bites that are simple yet satisfying when paired with pickled onions, cabbage, avocado, vegan chipotle mayonnaise, and hot sauce. The tofu is crispy on the outside, tender on the inside, and tastes delicious inside a warm tortilla. We’re making extra to add to our salads, sandwiches, and Buddha bowls.
    Get the recipe

    VegNews.ChocolateCoveredKatieFudgeBrownies
    Chocolate Covered Katie

    7. Chocolate Stout Brownies

    Stout is an acquired taste, but everyone can learn to love its chocolate accents, thanks to these decadent vegan brownies. Concocted by healthy vegan dessert blog Chocolate Covered Katie, these guiltless brownies are fudgy, stuffed with chocolate-chips, and are a surefire pleaser. Note: Katie highly recommends you let these sit overnight in the refrigerator before serving, so plan ahead and make these the night before. We won’t judge if you celebrate a day early by eating the batter.
    Get the recipe

    Tanya Flink is a Digital Editor at VegNews as well as a writer and fitness enthusiast living in Orange County, CA.

    Photo credit: Kathy Patalsky

    This post was originally published on VegNews.com.

  • Trader Joe’s has become a cult-favorite grocery chain for a reason. From constantly keeping its customers on their toes with new product launches to making a firm commitment to reducing its plastic usage for the benefit of the environment, this chain knows how to stay ahead of the trend. Here is your definitive list of all the vegan items at this iconic grocery chain you need to add to your cart.

     

    VegNews.TJsPesto
    1. Vegan Kale, Cashew, and Basil Pesto
    From stirring into fusilli pasta to spreading on toasted baguettes, this flavorful vegan, dairy-free pesto is an absolute must-buy.

    VegNews.Miyoko'sCreamCheese
    @vegangrocerygrabs

    2. Miyoko’s Kitchen Un-Lox Your Dreams Cream Cheese
    All the flavor of smoky lox, without the fish.

    VegNews.Soyrizo
    @laveganmami

    3. Soy Chorizo
    Add this to a vegan breakfast burrito with potatoes, tofu scramble, avocado, and salsa. You’ll thank us later.

    VegNews.CashewDip
    @bakovegan

    4. Cashew Fiesta Dip
    Oil-free, cashew-based cheese dip is here to step up your nacho game.

    VegNews.VeganButter
    5. Miyoko’s Cultured Vegan Butter
    The perfect “treat yourself” buy for when you’re feeling fancy.

    VegNews.TJsRainbowWrap
    @onmyveganish

    6. Rainbow Wrap
    On your lunch break? Grab this veggie-filled, ready-to-eat wrap.

    VegNews.Zhoug
    @traderjoesglutenfreevegan

    7. Zhoug Sauce
    This Yemeni-inspired sauce features fresh cilantro, spicy jalapeños, garlic, cardamom, and sea salt.

    VegNews.Creamer
    @traderjoesgems

    8. Coconut Creamer
    An essential item for any morning coffee drinker that can’t quite stomach black coffee (they also have soy creamer).

    VegNews.CinnamonRolls
    @ap_vegan

    9. Trader Joe’s Jumbo Cinnamon Rolls
    Yup, these cinnamon rolls are accidentally vegan. Look out for the seasonal pumpkin version that appears every fall.

    VegNews.Yogurt
    @bethanybuysthings

    10. Cultured Coconut Milk Yogurt
    Get your daily dose of probiotics from these Vanilla or Blueberry-flavored yogurt cups.

    VegNews.SuperSpinach
    Spork Foods

    11. Super Spinach Salad
    Quinoa, carrots, chickpeas, spinach, pumpkin seeds, and edamame are doused in a carrot ginger miso dressing for a colorful and healthy lunch.

    VegNews.Dressing
    @kimberleigh.coyne

    12. Salad Dressings
    Almond Butter Turmeric, Green Goddess, or Carrot Ginger Miso? Don’t worry; they’re all delicious.

    VegNews.SuperBurrito
    @the1azyvegan

    13. Super Burrito
    Is there anything better than a big, filling, veggie-loaded burrito? We’re going with no.

    VegNews.TJsTofu
    @just.veggies

    14. Sriracha Baked Tofu
    If you’re feeling lazy or in need of convenience, buy this pre-baked and seasoned fiery tofu.

    VegNews.VeganBolognese
    @veganreviewsatoz

    15. Vegan Pasta Bolognese
    Red lentil pasta and a meaty, rich mushroom-based bologense style sauce make this a great go-to for tasty frozen meals. 

    VegNews.Jackfruit
    @traderjoesveganitems

    16. Pulled Jackfruit in Smoky BBQ Sauce
    This heat, pour, and serve protein option is delicious in sandwiches, bowls, tacos, burritos, and so much more!

    VegNews.CoconutLatte
    @kookingwithkayla

    17. Cold Brew Coconut Cream Latte
    Mornings on the go have never been easier. This dairy-free canned latte option helps us get up and going in the morning. 

    VegNews.ChocolateOatBars
    @traderjoesmemphis

    18. Chocolate Fudge Oat Bars
    These dairy-free fudge bars use oat milk to give them deliciously creamy texture. Keep a box in the freezer for a sweet treat at the end of a long day. 

    VegNews.EnchiladaCasserole
    19. Vegan Enchilada Casserole

    Red chile sauce, seasoned pinto beans, roasted vegetables all layered between corn tortillas with vegan mozzarella and cheddar make for a convenient meal.

    VegNews.Beefless
    @the.vegan.diva

    20. Beefless Ground Beef
    Add these meatless crumbles to a shepherd’s pie or into your pasta sauce for a hearty meal.

    VegNews.Ranch
    @missmuffcake

    21. Vegan Ranch Dip 
    This thick, creamy dip is the perfect side to buffalo cauliflower or a slice of vegan pizza. 


    VegNews.OvernightOats
    @eating_vegan_mpls

    22. Overnight Oats
    These vanilla-flavored, almond milk soaked overnight oats make the perfect on-the-go meal for busy weekday mornings. 

     

    VegNews.Caesar
    23. Vegan Caesar Dressing
    Made from a blend of tofu, olive oil, lemon juice, white miso, dijon mustard, and capers, this tasty salad dressing is making eating our vegetables tastier than ever. 

    VegNews.Impossible
    @fitveganjos

    24. Impossible Foods Meat
    The 12-ounce package of plant-based beef is available in the refrigerated or frozen section for $7.99 (price may vary by location).

     

    VegNews.TaiwanesePancakes
    25. Taiwanese Green Pancakes
    These flaky, Asian-style vegetable pancakes can be found in the frozen food section of the popular grocer. 

    Vegnews.CauliflowerGnocchi
    26. Cauliflower Gnocchi
    The key with this essential is to totally ignore the cooking instructions on the package. Throw these on a baking sheet in the oven or in your air fryer to get them nice and crispy.

    VegNews.Hashbrown
    @bethanybuysthings

    27. Hash Browns
    There’s nothing better than crispy, buttery hashbrowns on a weekend morning.

    VegNews.TJsCurry
    28. Yellow Jackfruit Curry with Jasmine Rice
    Weeknight frozen meals don’t have to be boring. This spicy curry features meaty jackfruit and flavorful vegetables.

    VegNews.MangoSpringRolls
    29. Mango Sticky Rice Spring Rolls
    One of our favorite desserts stuffed inside a crispy spring roll? Yes, please!

    VegNews.TikkaMasala
    30. Vegan Tikka Masala
    When that Indian food craving strikes, we’re reaching for this convenient plant-based meal.

    VegNews.BonBons
    @brianc1995_irishactor

    31. Cookies & Creme Vanilla Bon Bons 
    Bite-sized desserts make it seem okay when we devour half the box.

    VegNews.HiProtein
    @bethanybuysthings

    32. Hi-Protein Veggie Burgers
    When people ask where you get your protein, you can direct them to this burger.

    VegNews.TJ'sBurgers
    @sporkfoods

    33. Protein Patties Plant-Based Burger
    Speaking of protein-rich burgers … this new beefy addition to the freezer section at Trader Joe’s is sure to become a favorite come grilling season. 

    VegNews.RicedCauliBowl
    @vegan.dynamite

    34. Riced Cauliflower Bowl
    Tahini sauce, chickpeas, baked tofu, cauliflower rice, roasted onions, sweet potatoes … what more could you want?

    VegNews.SpringRolls
    35. Vegetable Spring Rolls
    An oldie, but a goodie! We love these savory, appetizer-ready bites.

    VegNews.ChickenlessMorsels
    @venturavegan

    36. Chicken-less Mandarin Orange Morsels
    Panda Express could never! These sweet, sticky meatless nuggets are a staple.

    VegNews.Gyoza
    @bethanybuysthings

    37. Thai Vegetable Gyoza
    Fry these up in a pan and dip in a ginger-infused soy sauce for the ultimate lazy meal.

    VegNews.Cheesecakes
    38. Vegan Cheesecakes 
    Our dessert cravings just got the best answer! Each package contains two mini dairy-free cheescakes … perfect for sharing with a friend. 

    VegNews.PadThai
    @thesouthernherbivore

    39. Vegetable Pad Thai
    Grab a box of these noodles for whenever your craving for Thai food strikes.

    VegNews.ChickpeaSalad
    @eatsbymo_

    40. Chickpea Masala Salad
    Layer this between sourdough with lettuce, tomato, and avocado for a crave-worthy sandwich. 

    VegNews.Salads
    @dairyfreefinds

    41. Vegan Salad Kits
    These pre-made, ready-to-go salad kits make dinnertime easier than ever! Toss in your favorite plant-based protein and you are ready to go.
     

    VegNews.StrawberryCream
    @hottesome

    42. Oat Milk Strawberry Ice Cream 
    Studded with almond brittle and candied strawberries, each bite of this dairy-free ice cream tastes just like summer (no matter the season). 

    VegNews.ColdBrew
    @traderjoes_addict

    43. Cold Brew Coffee and Boba Coconut Ice Cream 
    Coffee + Ice Cream + Boba = perfection.
     

    VegNews.TJsSunflowerSeed
    @vegangrocerygrabs

    44. Dark Chocolate Sunflower Seed Butter Cups
    These are often conveniently located near the registers, so just try to resist tossing one of these dairy-free treats in your basket.

    VegNews.Cookies
    @vegangrocerygrabs

    45. Chewy Chunky Chocolate Chip Cookies
    The toughest decision here is whether to get the Peanut Butter Chocolate Chip or Chewy Chocolate Chip with Walnuts.

    VegNews.RolledChips
    @vegarina_

    46. Chili and Lime Rolled Tortilla Chips 
    If you’re a fan of Takis, you’ll love these fiery corn-based snacks.  

    VegNews.NutritionalYeast
    @becomebetty

    47. Nutritional Yeast
    Yeah, you can find pretty much any staple at this grocery store—even beloved nooch.

    VegNews.CookieButter
    @traderjoesgems

    48. Speculoos Crunchy Cookie Butter
    This is an OG Trader Joe’s favorite that has always been deliciously vegan.

    VegNews.Dolmas
    @traderjolene

    49. Dolmas
    Add these rice-stuffed grape leaves to your artisanal cheese platter at your next dinner party.

    VegNews.BananaBread
    @charlottevegans

    50. Vegan Banana Bread with Walnuts
    Chewy, nut-studded, bakery-fresh banana bread is just one grocery trip away.

    VegNews.Speculoos
    @becomebetty

    51. Speculoos Cookies
    Enjoy these crunchy, irresistibly sweet biscuit cookies at your afternoon tea time.

    VegNews.Everythingbutthebagel
    52. Everything But the Bagel Seasoning
    If you have yet to try this seasoning to top your avocado toast, you seriously need to get yourself to the closest Trader Joe’s.

    VegNews.Snickerdoodles
    @theimpressionablevegan

    53. Soft Baked Snickerdoodle Cookies
    These chewy, nostalgic, cinnamon sugar-coated cookies pair perfectly with hot chocolate.

    VegNews.InnerPeas
    @traderjoesgems

    54. Inner Peas Snacks
    These pea-based crispy snacks are super kid-friendly and perfect for summer picnics!

    VegNews.KaleChips
    @theveggienut

    55. Seasoned Kale Chips
    Each leaf of crunchy kale is doused in a creamy mixture of cashew butter and tahini.

    VegNews.RedPepperSpread
    @traderjoesglutenfreevegan

    56. Red Pepper Spread with Eggplant and Garlic
    Dip this spread in one of Trader Joe’s’ myriad of vegan-friendly crackers or serve with dolma.

    VegNews.AlmondButterPretzel
    @trader_joes_treasure_hunt

    57. Almond Butter-Filled Pretzels
    These crunchy, salty, nutty bites are packed with protein and healthy fats and are great to keep on hand when running errands. 

    VegNews.GoMacro
    @traderjoeslist

    58. Go Macro Bars
    You can even stock up on your favorite protein bars in the aisles of this Hawaiian-themed market.

    VegNews.FalafelMix
    59. Falafel Mix
    For a healthier take on this classic Mediterranean dish, bake these falafel balls instead of frying them.

    VegNews.JoeJoes
    @reinspired

    60. Joe-Joe’s
    It doesn’t get much more classic than these storebrand Oreo sandwich cookies.

    VegNews.CompleteCookies
    @waking.up.vegan

    61. Lenny and Larry’s Complete Cookies
    Even these popular, protein-packed cookies have found their way onto the shelves at TJ’s.

    VegNews.BrownieCrisp
    62. Brownie Crisps
    Somewhere between a brownie and a crunchy cookie, this delicious sweet treat was born.

    VegNews.Cereal
    @veganjunkfoodz

    63. Neopolitan Puff Cereal
    This vegan-friendly cereal captures all the nostalgic flavor of neopolitan ice cream with chocolate, vanilla, and strawberry puffs, and it’s made with beans! 

    VegNews.TJsWine2
    @plantbasedwonder

    64. Gambler’s Flash Red Wine
    Did you know not all wine is vegan? Don’t worry. This one is!

    VegNews.Wine
    @kraftwerkdesign

    65. Green Fin Wines
    Choose between red, white, or rosé from this vegan-friendly winery.

    VegNews.TJsWine
    @venturavegan

    66. Joseph Handler Red Wine
    Many Trader Joe’s have even begun to handily label which wines are vegan, such as this red.

    Sarah McLaughlin is the New Products Editor at VegNews who shops at Trader Joe’s at least once a week.

     

    This post was originally published on VegNews.com.

  • Snacks are truly a godsend—they can get you through a busy work week, a cram session in a dimly lit library basement, and even the kind of colossal breakup that leaves you ugly-crying in that same sad basement searching for something to eat your woes away. To our delight, a number of companies have been making accidentally vegan snacks for years, and we’ve compiled a list of a few of our favorite go-to treats you can find practically anywhere. Bookmark this list for the next time you’re on a road trip in the middle of nowhere, in need of something to munch on at the movies, or trying to get through a difficult moment and are in need of some sweet or salty fuel.

    oreos

    1. Oreo cookies

    How could we not include the most iconic cookies to ever exist as the kick-off to this delectable list?
    Find it here.

    Pringles
    2. Pringles

    The ultimate stackable snack can be found at your local grocery store—just be sure to go for the vegan-friendly Original flavor (Barbecue is vegan in some regions; check for milk in the ingredients!).
    Find it here.

    Takis
    3. Takis

    Two flavors of these spicy, crunchy chips are vegan: Takis Fuego and Takis Nitro.
    Find it here.

    Unfrosted Pop-Tarts
    4. Unfrosted Pop-Tarts

    We already know which vegan flavors we’re having for a mid-morning snack tomorrow: Unfrosted Strawberry, Blueberry, and Brown Sugar.
    Find it here.

    Doritos Spicy Sweet Chili
    5. Doritos

    Finding these Spicy Sweet Chili-flavored tortilla chips at a vending machine or gas station is a safe bet.
    Find it here.

    Fritos
    6. Fritos

    The inventor of these salty corn chips was supposedly vegetarian. Try the Original and Bar-B-Q flavors for your dairy-free chip fix.
    Find it here.

    Fruit by the Foot
    7. Fruit by the Foot

    Introduced in 1991, the fruity snack is like childhood currency at lunchtime and playgrounds.
    Find it here.

    Ritz Crackers
    8. Ritz Crackers

    No butter is added to the original flavor of these buttery, versatile crackers—it’s made with vegetable oils—so enjoy them with vegan cheese, peanut butter, or salsa.
    Find it here.

    Sour Patch Kids
    9. Sour Patch Kids

    We’re ready to get our sweets fix with this chewy, soft, and gelatin-free candy. Even better? Beloved Sour Patch Watermelon is also vegan.
    Find it here.

    ruffles chips
    10. Ruffles Potato Chips

    Classic Original and Canadian cult favorite All Dressed are two dairy-free flavors of these recognizable crinkle-cut potato chips.
    Find it here.

    smarties candy
    11. Smarties

    We’re adorning ourselves with Smarties candy necklaces, bracelets, and rings. Nostalgia lane, here we come!
    Find it here.

    nature valley granola bars
    12. Nature Valley Crunchy Granola Bars

    Granola bars are a smart addition when packing your bag for hiking, studying, or travelling. Flavors such as Apple Crisp, Cinnamon, Maple Brown Sugar, Peanut Butter, Pecan Crunch, and Roasted Almond are positively plant-based.
    Find it here.

    Lay's Chips
    13. Lay’s Classic Potato Chips

    This common party staple’s Classic, Barbecue, Salt & Vinegar, and Lightly Salted Barbecue flavors have no animal-derived ingredients. Sports games and tailgates just got a whole lot simpler.
    Find it here.

    Smucker's Uncrustables
    14. Smucker’s Uncrustables

    You can expect to find these peanut butter and jelly sandwiches in the frozen aisle—the Grape Jelly and Strawberry Jam flavors are vegan. We’re packing them for our next picnic.
    Find it here.

    Haribo Sour S'ghetti
    15. Haribo Sour S’ghetti Gummi Candy

    It’s sometimes a search to find a gummy candy that has no gelatin, so discovering these gelatin-free sour gummies has us jumping for joy.
    Find it here.

    Thomas' New York Style Bagels
    16. Thomas’ New York Style Bagels

    If you’re craving a heartier snack, a bagel topped with vegan cream cheese or vegan butter is sure to satisfy. The Blueberry, Cinnamon Swirl, Everything, and Plain versions are plant-based.
    Find it here.

    Lindt dark chocolate bars
    17. Lindt Dark Chocolate

    Dark chocolate in 70, 80, 85, and 90 percent cacao varieties is healthy, right? Right! 
    Find it here.

    Clif Bars
    18. Clif Bars

    A quintessential snack to take for strenuous outdoor activities, every flavor is vegan except for Mini Blueberry Crisp.
    Find it here.

    Triscuit Crackers
    19. Nabisco Triscuit Crackers Baked Whole Grain Wheat

    We’re seeing a trend—crackers, crackers, and more vegan crackers! We’re diving into Fire Roasted Tomato and Rosemary & Olive Oil Triscuits with hummus and a glass of red wine for a small but titillating treat.
    Find it here.

    Nabisco Grahams
    20. Nabisco Grahams Original Crackers

    Snack-food giant Nabisco is clearly onto something. Its Ginger Snaps, Oreo 100 Calorie Packs, and Saltine Crackers are all also accidentally vegan. Keep ‘em coming!
    Find it here.

    Snyder's of Hanover Jalapeno Pretzels
    21. Snyder’s of Hanover Jalapeño Pretzel Pieces

    Jalapeño-flavored anything is sure to have us fired up, but jalapeño-flavored pretzels? Next level. Snyder’s Pretzel Sticks in Oat Bran and Pumpernickel & Onion are also vegan-friendly.
    Find it here.

    sun chips
    22. Sun Chips

    Often touted as a healthier chip option, it’s no surprise the Original flavor was also vegan all along.
    Find it here.

    VegNews.SwedishFish
    23. Swedish Fish

    Are our eyes deceiving us? Swedish fish?! Yes, please!
    Find it here.

    Nutter Butter
    24. Nutter Butter Cookies

    Shaped like peanuts with the same creamy, peanut butter taste, and accidentally vegan? We’ll take a case.
    Find it here.

    belVita Crunchy Breakfast Biscuits
    25. belVita Crunchy Breakfast Biscuits

    Ideal for someone on the go, these crunchy biscuits provide lasting energy and come in flavors such as Toasted Coconut and Cinnamon Brown Sugar.
    Find it here.

    Note: Ingredients may differ in every country. This list is only for products sold in the US.

    Also read The Best Vegan Snacks at Trader Joe’s, 20 Vegan Snacks You Can Get at CVS, 20 New Vegan Finds at Target You May Not Know About.

    Aruka Sanchir is an Assistant Editor at VegNews who loves stocking up on snacks for road trips.

    This post was originally published on VegNews.com.

  • By Guyon Espiner, investigative reporter, RNZ In Depth

    New Zealand Labour MP Louisa Wall has accused China of harvesting organs from political prisoners among the Uyghur and Falun Gong populations.

    The MP, who is part of a global network of politicians monitoring the actions of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), also says her own government needs to do more to counter what she calls the slave labour trade in China.

    “Forced organ harvesting is occurring to service a global market where people are wanting hearts, lungs, eyes, skin,” Wall said.

    China expert Professor Anne-Marie Brady of the University of Canterbury, describes the New Zealand government’s political strategy on China as something close to a cone of silence.

    “Our MPs seem to have a pact that they’re not allowed to say anything at all critical of the CCP and barely mention the word China in any kind of negative terms.”

    Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern and Foreign Minister Nanaia Mahuta refused to do interviews for the new Red Line podcast, which examines the influence of the CCP in New Zealand.

    But Wall has broken ranks.

    ‘Used as slaves’
    “I’m concerned that there appears to be a million Uyghurs being imprisoned in what they call education camps, but essentially, used as slaves to pick cotton.”

    Wall, along with National’s Simon O’Connor, is one of two New Zealand MPs in the International Parliamentary Alliance on China, a network of more than 200 politicians from 20 parliaments, set up to monitor the actions of the CCP.

    She thinks New Zealand should be doing much more to counter the slave labour trade from Xinjiang, in the north west of China.

    “What the UK and Canada have done is they’ve got modern slavery acts and they want to ensure the corporates who are taking those raw materials, actually ensure that the production of those raw materials complies with the modern slavery act. I like that mechanism.”

    She says the government also needs to pass new laws to stop New Zealanders getting organ transplants sourced from China or from any country that cannot verify the integrity of its organ donor programme.

    This photo taken on May 31, 2019 shows the outer wall of a complex which includes what is believed to be a re-education camp where mostly Muslim ethnic minorities are detained, on the outskirts of Hotan, in China's northwestern Xinjiang region.
    A 31 May 2019 photograph of a complex in Xinjiang believed to be a “re-education camp”. Image: RNZ/AFP

    China sources some organs from political prisoners, she said.

    “The Uyghur population, and also the Falun Gong population, both have been designated as prisoners of conscience,” she said. “We know that they are slaves. We also know that they’re being used to harvest organs.”

    Tribunal finding
    She bases that on findings from a recent independent tribunal chaired by Sir Geoffrey Nice, a British QC, who previously worked with the International Criminal Court (ICC).

    His 600-page report, called the China Tribunal, says the killing of political prisoners for organ transplants is continuing in China and that many people have died “indescribably hideous deaths” in the process.

    “Based on a report from Lord Justice Nice from the UK, we now know that forced organ harvesting is occurring to service a global market where people are wanting hearts, lungs, eyes, skin,” Wall said.

    The Chinese embassy in New Zealand ignored requests to talk about this issue.

    China announced back in 2014 that it would no longer remove organs from executed prisoners and when the China Tribunal report was released in 2018 the CCP dismissed it as inaccurate and politically motivated.

    This article is republished under a community partnership agreement with RNZ.


    This content originally appeared on Asia Pacific Report and was authored by APR editor.

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.

  • The “Columbine” comparisons began as soon as word and video footage of the deadly attack on School No. 175 in Kazan emerged. But if school shootings were described less than a decade ago as a rarity in Russia, this time Russian headlines lamented “another” attack that echoed the infamous 1999 tragedy at a U.S. high school.

    The May 11 attack in the Tatar capital — in which at least nine people were killed and 21 wounded — has been blamed on a disgruntled former student of the school equipped with a legally registered gun.

    The bloodshed led to a clamor from Russian officials talking about ways to try to avoid such shootings in the future, including calls by President Vladimir Putin to impose controls on the types of weapons available to ordinary citizens.

    It has also placed renewed focus on the growing list of shootings and other attacks on schools carried out by young people in Russia in recent years, and added to scrutiny of the government’s struggles to prevent what for years was seen mainly as a U.S. phenomenon.

    In 2014, at Moscow’s School No. 263, a 15-year-old carrying two rifles shot and killed a teacher and a police officer and took 29 classmates hostage before he gave himself up. Putin at the time called the incident “tragic,” and the city’s mayor ordered a comprehensive review of security measures at schools in the Russian capital.

    In January 2018, 11 children and a teacher were injured in the Urals city of Perm when two 16-year-olds entered a classroom and slashed them with knives. Most of those injured, some seriously, were aged 10-12. One suspect was alleged to have posted a video of perpetrators of U.S. school attacks, including the two teens who carried out the Columbine massacre, on his VKontakte page.

    Just days later, in a village outside the southern Siberian city of Ulan-Ude, a ninth-grader reportedly wearing a T-shirt resembling one worn in the Columbine attack injured four seventh-graders and a teacher with an axe and used a Molotov cocktail to set his former school ablaze.

    And in October of the same year in Russian-occupied Crimea, 21 people were killed in a shooting and explosion at a university in the city of Kerch.

    Russian state media were banned from making the connection to Columbine following the attack carried out by a shooter wearing clothing similar to that worn by the two teen perpetrators of Columbine, who fatally shot 12 fellow students and a teacher before killing themselves. As with the shooting at the Colorado high school shooting, the attack in Crimea was dubbed a “massacre.”

    Attempts At Prevention

    Like other governments, Putin’s has struggled to find ways to avert such attacks. Following the 2014 attack in Moscow, he suggested that a more well-rounded education might help prevent student-on-school violence.

    “A new generation of spectators with good artistic taste should be brought up — capable of understanding and appreciating theatrical, dramatic, and musical arts,” Putin told theater workers in Pskov shortly afterward. “Had we been doing this properly, maybe there would have been no tragedies similar to today’s tragedy in Moscow.”

    That school shooting, which at the time was described by the media as “incredibly rare” in Russia, news that a school guard was unable to prevent the armed pupil from entering the school led Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin “to conduct a complete review of how our school security system is working, and to take additional steps.”

    Plenty of steps have been taken since to try to make schools safer around the country, adding to security measures implemented in the decade following the Beslan school siege, in which more than 330 people — most of them children — were killed in North Ossetia after militants took more than 1,000 hostages on the first day of school in 2004.


    “We have security screens. We monitor the entrance to the school — the rest of the school is surrounded by a perimeter fence — and it has an automatic gate, so that you can see who is coming into the school,” an official at a central Moscow school told RFE/RL three years after the siege. “We have a videophone system on the gate. And in this way we can monitor who visits the school. These measures were brought in after Beslan.”

    In recent years, Russia has invested heavily in school security, including in an initiative to install “Orwell 2k” facial-recognition systems in more than 43,000 Russian schools as part of Putin’s $25.4 million national digitalization project. The technology is intended to ensure safety by monitoring students’ movements and identifying outsiders on school premises.

    When the attack began on May 11, Kazan’s School No. 175 had security measures in place for its some 1,000 students in grades one to 11 — including an “action plan for the prevention of terrorism and extremism” last updated for the 2018-19 school year.

    The plan advises students to “get to know each other better,” and stresses the importance of sport, tolerance, and minimizing conflict. The school’s website also provides links to the “municipal program for the prevention of terrorism and extremism in Kazan for 2016-2020.”

    But there were also conflicting reports about the presence of security guards at the school. Representatives of the Russian National Guard revealed on May 11 that there were no guards on the premises — only a panic button to alert the National Guard.

    There were also claims that private security guards stopped working at the school three years ago due to problems with payment. However, the Telegram channel In Kazan quoted Galina Ukhvanova, a deputy director at School No. 175, as saying that the security firm had been paid in full, and that the school had a guard on its staff.

    Idel.Realities, of RFE/RL’s Tatar-Bashkir Service, reported that the school said that a 62-year-old guard was on duty, and was hospitalized after the attack.

    It is unclear how security precautions — or the lack thereof — may have affected the outcome of the attack on May 11.

    Heavily armed police and emergency vehicles reportedly responded quickly, and video showed students streaming out of the school and, in some cases, jumping to their death from windows in the multistory school in an effort to escape.

    Other videos showed students scrambling down fire-truck ladders to evacuate the school, while others show the wounded being treated outside the school.

    Local Suspect

    Grainy security-camera video posted to Telegram claimed to show the shooting suspect, whom Russia’s Investigative Committee said it had identified as “a local resident born in 2001,” walking along a street on his way to the school while brandishing a long gun. The regional interior minister said the attack was carried out by a 19-year-old shooter, who was apprehended, and media reports identified the suspect as Ilnaz Galyaviyev.

    As investigators opened a mass murder case, Putin reportedly instructed the head of the Russian National Guard, Viktor Zolotov, “to hammer out new regulations on the types of weapons that are designated for civilian use, and which weapons may be in the possession of citizens, including the types of small arms the gunman used in this shooting.”

    Some applauded Putin on social media, pointing to the availability of firearms in the United States and the steady stream of school shootings that have taken place there in the last two decades.

    Others suggested his steps may be misdirected.

    Pavel Lokshin, a Moscow correspondent for the German newspaper Welt, tweeted: “I guess it’s safe to say that school shootings in Russia aren’t driven by the availability of firearms which is already pretty low. Besides, Putin did exactly the same thing after the Kerch shooting. Didn’t prevent Kazan.”

    Some Russian educators say that security measures aside, the state has taken steps that could be detrimental to efforts to curb school violence, such as cutting the number of psychologists in schools.

    And while the May 11 attack raised questions about whether any warning signs had been overlooked, government critics say the state sometimes takes a heavy-handed approach in its efforts to avert school violence.

    In 2020, the homes of several students in Siberia were raided following accusations they had taken part in a social-media chat room dedicated to the Columbine massacre.

    Authorities claimed the teens had discussed a plot to attack a local school, and nine of them — including a 14-year-old girl — were forced to undergo involuntary examinations as a result.

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.

  • His name was Alireza Fazeli Monfared and he was only 20 years old.

    Fazeli Monfared was homosexual and due to the difficulties he faced because of his sexual orientation, was about to flee his native Iran for Turkey.

    But he was reportedly killed by his family members before he could leave the southwestern province of Khuzestan after they accused him of dishonoring the family.

    Fazeli Monfared’s killing has put the plight of Iran’s LGBT community in the spotlight amid concerns that this will not be the last suspected case of so-called honor killings of homosexuals in the Islamic republic.

    “There’s no guarantee that this won’t happen again until our society becomes educated and informed,” Arsham Parsi, a Toronto-based, Iranian gay-rights activist and head of the International Railroad for Queer Refugees, told RFE/RL.

    Killed For Being Gay

    Fazeli Monfared was reportedly killed on May 4 by his half-brother and cousins who, according to some reports, beheaded him and dumped his body under a tree near the provincial capital of Ahvaz. They reportedly called his mother to tell her where to find him.

    The Iranian Lesbian and Transgender Network 6rang said in a May 7 statement that Fazeli Monfared’s half-brother learned about his sexual orientation after seeing his military service exemption card. In Iran, homosexuals are allowed to skip military duty due to “mental disorders.”

    Even before he was killed, Fazeli Monfared had complained to friends about threats from his relatives due to his sexual orientation.

    In an audio recording obtained by the BBC, Fazeli Monfared said that his family had threatened to kill him and that he was planning to flee Iran to seek asylum in Norway or Sweden.

    Fazeli Monfared’s partner, activist Aghil Abyat, told RFE/RL that he was due to travel to Turkey on May 8 to join him.

    “He had told me that he had been threatened by his half-brother,” he said.

    ‘Lively’ And ‘Very Happy’ Man

    Abyat described Fazeli Monfared as a “lively” and “very happy” young man who liked to travel, listen to music, and post videos on TikTok. His Instagram posts also suggest an interest in fashion.

    Parsi, who had in recent weeks interacted with Fazeli Monfared on Clubhouse, said the young man had complained about family pressure and intolerance in society.

    “He didn’t clearly say that he had been threatened with murder because if he had done so I would have contacted him privately since we take these issues very seriously, but he spoke about his family not accepting him and the pressure families put on homosexuals,” Parsi told RFE/RL.

    Monfared had complained about family pressure and intolerance in the weeks leading up to his death.


    Monfared had complained about family pressure and intolerance in the weeks leading up to his death.

    Members of Iran’s gay community are forced to hide their sexual orientation, often leading double lives due to fear of persecution by the state, which criminalizes homosexual acts, while society views homosexuality as a disease.

    Many in the lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) community are shunned by their families who view them as a stain on the family’s honor.

    Homosexuality is punishable by death in Iran but proving that a sexual act has taken place is not easy and requires the testimony of four adult men.

    Horrific Punishments, Abuse

    Parsi said the LGBT community is “extremely vulnerable” while being exposed to horrific punishment and harassment.

    “On the one hand, the establishment has laws that includes the death penalty and stoning for homosexuals, on the other hand their families do not accept them, neither does the society,” he said. “If something happens to them at work or school, if they get abused or raped, they don’t have anywhere to turn to.”

    Fazeli Monfared’s murder has sent a chilling message to Iran’s gay community, reminding them of the dire threats they face.

    “Today, I received the 86th message from [a homosexual inside Iran] who said this could have been us,” said Parsi, adding that “the fear homosexuals experience is real and must be taken seriously.”

    Berlin-based human rights activist Kaveh Kermanshahi said the killing has shocked many.

    “Whoever has gone through similar problems can relate and go through the trauma again, they have been reminded of their hardships,” said Kermanshahi, who came out only after leaving Iran several years ago.

    “The reasons for not coming out are many more than those in favor of coming out,” he said.

    “I was politically active, I was active in the human rights sphere, I was also a journalist faced with the risk of arrest, which happened. Due to of all these issues I had decided that [my sexuality] should not be revealed,” Kermanshahi added.

    Honor Killings Often Unreported

    Both Kermanshahi and Parsi believe that a large number of killings in Iran due to someone’s sexual orientation go unreported.

    “Queers who have been in contact with these people fear reporting or investigating the cases because they can be outed in the society therefore these cases often happen in silence,” Kermanshahi said.

    “When it comes to uxoricide, we have women’s rights activists who highlight these cases,” he said. “But in Iran we don’t have the possibility of queer activists working actively therefore it is possible that other cases — like [Fazeli Monfared’s] murder and [gay suicides] — are not being reported.”

    In 2017, 6rang reported that a 23-year-old transsexual identified as Siavash was killed in Khorramabad in western Iran by his father who, according to the report, committed suicide afterward.

    “Apparently the sexual identity of Siavash was not acceptable to the family at all,” 6rang said.

    Parsi said in 2004 that a local newspaper reported the killing of a member of Iran’s gay community by his father in a northern Iranian village.

    “It never became clear whether the father was arrested and punished,” he said.

    According to a 2020 poll published by the 6rang advocacy group, 62 percent of LGBT members surveyed had said that they had experienced one or more forms of violence by their immediate family. Nearly 30 percent of them complained of sexual violence, while 77 percent said they had been subjected to physical violence.

    The pressure and persecution force many members of Iran’s LGBT community to flee the country, while many others undergo gender-reassignment surgery.

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.

  • BELGRADE — With a Chinese university project in Hungary drawing controversy over a lack of transparency and concerns about academic freedom, Beijing’s influence in higher education in neighboring Serbia continues to grow.

    A strategic agreement signed between Hungary and Shanghai’s prestigious Fudan University in April made international headlines and sparked a backlash at home.

    The decision to build a Budapest campus by 2024 using a $1.5 billion loan from a Chinese bank put a spotlight on Prime Minister Viktor Orban’s close ties to Beijing and raised concerns about the long-term impact of such a project on the country’s higher-education system.

    But in Serbia — where Beijing enjoys a close relationship with President Aleksandar Vucic and has been steadily deepening its ties over the last two decades — growing cooperation with Chinese universities and schools continues unabated.

    Currently, three Serbian universities — the University of Belgrade, the University of Novi Sad, and the University of Nis — have signed a cooperation agreement with Shanghai’s Jiao Tong University, opening the door to deepening educational and cultural bonds between Serbia and China.

    The agreements, which were signed in 2018, set up broad terms for cooperation that can grow deeper over time. They include new student and staff exchanges and scholarships, as well as growing Chinese financial support and Chinese-language classes.

    In addition to the agreements with public universities, Serbia also hosts two Confucius Institutes, in Belgrade and Novi Sad. The government-run entities, which offer language and cultural programs abroad, have been accused by critics of being a means for Beijing to spread propaganda under the guise of teaching and to interfere with free speech on campuses.

    Vucic has cemented relations with Beijing, cooperating on infrastructure, tourism, and technology projects that have brought in more than $10 billion in foreign direct investment since 2005. But the growing education and cultural focus represents a new phase of Chinese engagement in the Balkans and Europe more broadly.

    “It’s a textbook example of a soft-power move,” Stefan Vladisavljev, an analyst at the Belgrade Fund for Political Excellence, told RFE/RL. “While China is still trailing countries like Russia [in the Balkans], this can bring a lot of people closer to Beijing. The idea is to make China more accessible and more familiar and leave an imprint on society as well.”

    Serbia is part of China’s Belt and Road Initiative and one of the main cheerleaders of the 17+1 format, a Beijing-led forum launched in 2012 for China to engage with Central and Eastern European countries.

    But China’s strong ties with Belgrade, analysts say, have allowed Serbia to function as an economic, political, and economic hub for Beijing to expand across the Western Balkans and serve as a showcase for the merits of Chinese initiatives, from surveillance to cooperation on the coronavirus pandemic.

    “Serbia is a poster child of cooperation in the region and one of the countries that Beijing points to when it wants to show what a successful relationship can look like,” Vladisavljev said.

    Deepening Ties

    As Tena Prelec, a researcher at the University of Oxford, told RFE/RL’s Balkan Service, Beijing’s growing imprint on Serbian higher education should be seen in the wider context of China investing in universities across the globe as part of a broader effort promote its culture, language, and international ties.

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    “China’s desire is to shape the way it is presented on a global level, and I think it was only a matter of time for having a stronger presence in the academic sphere in Serbia,” Prelec said.

    But Serbia also represents a relatively safe space to expand in higher education, where China enjoys a great deal of goodwill among the population, public backing from the national government, and where initiatives like the Confucius Institute don’t face the same level of scrutiny that they currently do across the European Union, where several of its chapters have recently been shut down.

    While such programs offer new opportunities for students and faculty, University of Belgrade professor Dragana Mitrovic says these efforts at cultural diplomacy are part of a larger effort by Beijing to help spread a “Chinese narrative” on global affairs. “Strengthening Chinese cultural influence is an integral part of this cooperation [with Serbia] and a goal of the Chinese government,” Mitrovic told RFE/RL’s Balkan Service.

    Cooperation isn’t limited to ties between universities, either. Chinese companies are also becoming involved with Serbian higher education.

    Kragujevac, a city in central Serbia, signed an agreement in February 2020 for its local university to cooperate with the Chinese company Dahua Technology, which focuses on video-surveillance technology.

    The Chinese company Linglong, which is bilding a nearly $1 billion tire factory in Zrenjanin and is the leading sponsor of Serbia’s top soccer league, created a scholarship program in March 2020 for Serbian students.

    A New Phase

    “The Chinese are diversifying their approach to education and academic cooperation in the sense that they are now going well beyond state institutions,” Vladimir Shopov, a fellow at the European Council on Foreign Relations, told RFE/RL.

    This type of cooperation, which Shopov says is designed to develop relationships and embed its influence across society, politics, and the economy, is already moving beyond the traditional scope of cooperation with universities and through Confucius Institutes.

    Instead, a growing emphasis is being put on working with local authorities, private companies, and different Chinese organizations.

    A Chinese cultural center in Belgrade that will focus on arts, literature, and other areas of cultural engagement is slated to open in 2021. It will be modeled after other centers in Bulgaria, Greece, and Romania. The center in Belgrade is being built at the symbolic site of the Chinese Embassy that NATO planes bombed in 1999 and will function as a showcase for Chinese art, literature, and language.

    “This type of engagement is the logical next step for Beijing’s presence in the region,” Shopov. said “China sees the way its moves are interpreted around the world and it’s clear to them that they need to be more active about getting their story across.”

    In Serbia, China’s expanding footprint has faced little resistance, but recently workers and environmentalists across the country have voiced concerns over pollution from investment projects owned by Chinese companies.

    Protests over environmental degradation in Belgrade on April 10 drew thousands and led to the government ordering the Chinese-run Zijin copper mine in the southern town of Bor to halt work for failing to comply with environmental standards.

    It also ordered a Chinese-owned recycling plant near Zrenjanin to stop production because of environmental damage.

    But China’s broader push into Serbian education and cultural life is poised to continue.

    “We are at the beginning of this cooperation, it’s still something that is being developed,” Vladisavljev said. “We are witnessing the inception right now.”

    Written by Reid Standish in Prague based on reporting by Ljudmila Cvetkovic and Maja Zivanovic in Belgrade

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.

  • International media-freedom watchdogs are urging an Uzbek court to overturn the conviction of a blogger who was sentenced to 6 1/2 years in prison on “trumped-up” extortion and slander charges.

    A court in the southern Surxondaryo region handed down the sentence against Otabek Sattoriy on May 10 in a case denounced by rights defenders as retaliation by the authorities for his critical reporting.

    The 40-year-old Sattoriy has insisted that the case against him was “based on lies.”

    Sattoriy’s lawyer said he intended to appeal the conviction.

    The authorities should “immediately release Otabek Sattoriy, not contest his appeal, and allow all journalists to work freely and without fear of reprisal,” according to the New York-based Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ).

    Sattoriy’s conviction “is a clear attempt to frighten the press away from covering sensitive issues” ahead of a presidential election in October, Gulnoza Said, CPJ’s Europe and Central Asia program coordinator, said in a statement.

    Reporters Without Borders (RSF) said the “fabricated” accusations against the blogger “testify to a desire to quell local corruption scandals and intimidate critical voices.”

    The Paris-based group noted that since his arrest in late January, Sattoriy had been ordered to pay a fine of 9.8 million soms ($931) for “slander” and “insult” in a separate case.

    The Prosecutor-General’s Office has rejected criticism by human rights organizations, saying that Sattoriy’s arrest was lawful.

    The blogger is known to be a harsh critic of the regional governor, Tora Bobolov. In one post on his Halq Fikiri (People’s Opinion) video blog, Sattoriy openly accused the local government of launching fabricated criminal cases against bloggers and vowed to continue to raise the issue of corruption among officials despite the “crackdown.”

    RSF said criminal proceedings were also brought against two journalists from the independent Effect.uz website in early April after they approached the judge to attend the blogger’s trial. Elyor Tojiboev and Aqbar Nurumbetov were charged with “resisting a representative of the authorities” and “interfering with the investigation.”

    Another blogger, Behruz Nematov, was kidnapped in broad daylight on April 2 by unknown individuals who kept him for four hours and beat him with a baton, demanding that he stop covering the trial.

    Uzbekistan is ranked 157th out of 180 countries in RSF’s 2020 World Press Freedom Index.

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.

  • In his speeches at the annual Red Square military parade marking the anniversary of Nazi Germany’s defeat in World War II, Russian President Vladimir Putin has repeatedly emphasized the massive role the Soviet Union played, while often minimizing the contributions made by the Western Allies, including the United States.

    This year, he seemed to take that approach a step further, even going off-script — possibly — to suggest that the Soviet Union essentially defeated Hitler on its own. The remark drew criticism from Russians who accuse Putin of using the people’s pride in the victory in the war, which killed an estimated 27 million Soviet citizens and left few families untouched, for his own political purposes.

    In the initial Russian-language transcript of the May 9 address on the Kremlin website, Putin is quoted as saying that “at the most difficult moments in the war, during decisive battles that determined the result of the struggle against fascism, our people were united — united in the toilsome, heroic, and sacrificial path to victory.”

    Those words are unremarkable: Amid ethnic tensions inside Russia today and disputes between Russia and other former Soviet republics, Putin has often used his Victory Day speech to advance the narrative of wartime unity among the Soviet people — though in some cases, such as with dictator Josef Stalin’s persecution of ethnic groups in the North Caucasus, this picture is inaccurate.

    But in the speech itself, Putin replaced the word that means “united” with one that means “alone,” suggesting that the Soviet Union — at least at the most crucial junctures in the war — had no help.

    “I didn’t even believe it at first — I looked at the text and it said ‘united,’ and I thought I had heard it wrong,” Gleb Pavlovsky, a political analyst and former Kremlin adviser who is a critic of Putin, told the Russian news outlet Dozhd TV. “Then I listened to him again — no, he specifically said ‘alone.’”

    Screenshot from Kremlin.ru website of transcript of speech by Vladimir Putin on May 9.


    Screenshot from Kremlin.ru website of transcript of speech by Vladimir Putin on May 9.

    Andrei Kolesnikov, who heads the Russian domestic politics program at the Carnegie Moscow Center think tank, also said he did a double take when he heard Putin’s words.

    “In the official text of Putin’s Victory Day speech [it says] ‘our people were united,’” Kolesnikov, who is also a critic of Putin, wrote on Twitter. “I clearly heard [that] he said twice: ‘our nation was one, one (in a sense of alone) on…the road to Victory.’ In any case, no allies in the Victory were mentioned.”

    ‘Denial Of Reality’

    At some point after the address, the Russian-language transcript on the Kremlin website was altered to conform with Putin’s words, and it was unclear whether he had misspoken or said “alone” deliberately. Either way, it fit in with what analysts say is Putin’s use of the May 9 celebrations and the speech itself to seek to burnish his image and to send messages to the Russian people and foreign leaders.

    Over Putin’s 17 years as president, the parade speech has been a kind of barometer of ties with the West. In years when relations have been better, Putin has mentioned the Western Allies’ contributions.

    In 2005, with U.S. President George W. Bush among leaders from both former Allied and Axis powers in attendance, Putin said that “the most ruthless and decisive events — the events that determined the drama and the outcome of this inhuman war — unfolded on the territory of the Soviet Union.”

    But he also paid tribute to the Western Allies, saying: “We never divided victory into ours and theirs. We will always remember our allies — the United States, Great Britain, France, and the other countries that fought in the anti-Nazi coalition, the German and Italian anti-fascists.”

    This year, it came at a time when relations between Moscow and the West are at or near the lowest levels since the Cold War, and in some ways even below those levels. The only foreign leader on the podium on Red Square to watch the parade and hear Putin’s speech was Tajik President Emomali Rahmon.

    Tajik President Emomali Rahmon (left) was the only foreign head of state in Moscow on May 9.


    Tajik President Emomali Rahmon (left) was the only foreign head of state in Moscow on May 9.

    But it was not the first time Putin he has neglected to mention the role of the Western allies in defeating Nazi Germany — an omission that seems in part a product of the frequent assertions by Russian officials that Western governments downplay the Soviet role, which was inarguably colossal and came at a massive cost that is still being felt in Russia and other former republics even as few veterans remain.

    It was also not the first time, by any means, that his Victory Day speech has included veiled hints that the world now faces potential threats from Moscow’s wartime allies in Washington and the West.

    Critics said that in describing the Soviet Union as “alone,” Putin took the Kremlin’s narrative of the war too far.

    His language was “a denial of the reality of a world war,” opposition politician Leonid Gozman wrote on Facebook. “He managed not to say a word about those whom Stalin called ‘our valiant allies.’”

    Putin’s message, he said, seemed to be that Russia is “alone against the world,” Gozman wrote, adding that he had also “essentially likened all the countries in conflict with the state he leads to Nazi Germany.”

    Stolen Victory?

    Pavlovsky also contrasted Putin with Stalin, who he said mentioned allies in a in a speech on Red Square in November 1941, and suggested that Putin’s wording reflected his own feelings and fears. “It’s he who is alone. He feels abandoned, betrayed, surrounded by enemies,” Pavlovsky told Dozhd TV. “He has no allies.”

    Russian President Vladimir Putin walks along Red Square after a military parade on May 9.


    Russian President Vladimir Putin walks along Red Square after a military parade on May 9.

    Another analyst, Abbas Gallyamov, said that ahead of September parliamentary elections in which the unpopular Kremlin-controlled United Russia party faces a test, Putin is trying to use the war and the Soviet victory as something voters will associate with him and his government.

    “On practically all the issues on the current agenda — political, economic, and social — the Kremlin has already lost the sympathy of the majority,” Gallyamov told Current Time, the Russian-language network led by RFE/RL in cooperation with VOA.

    “But for the majority [Victory Day] really is a sacred holiday, and the patriotic rhetoric about how our grandfathers fought more or less answers to the mood of the majority, or at least does not sharply contradict it,” he said. “And so, Putin is hysterically trying to drag the historical agenda into the current political discourse.”

    Imprisoned Kremlin opponent Aleksei Navalny has not commented on Putin’s May 9 address. But at a court hearing late last month, he said the World War II victory was one of the pieces of the past that Putin had tried to “appropriate — to steal — and to use for his own personal purposes.”

    “He has been doing this for many years with our people’s victory in the Great Patriotic War,” Navalny, who was convicted of defaming a World War II veteran in a trial he contends was politically motivated, said at an appeals hearing on April 29. “He is trying to appropriate it for himself.”

    Vladimir Mikhailov of Current Time contributed to this report

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.

  • Having a tattoo or an unmarried sister or an Instagram account — all of these things can count against women seeking custody of their children in Russia’s North Caucasus region, where local court decisions often reflect communities’ beliefs that children belong to the father’s side of the family.

    In Muslim-majority Chechnya and Ingushetia, and to a lesser extent, Daghestan, deep-seated customs dictate that children go to the father’s side of family following a divorce. And while Russian federal law has demonstrated its preference for such children to stay with their mothers, city and district courts in the North Caucasus often go their own way in the name of tradition.

    The issue is the subject of an extensive report by Current Time that tells the stories of several women struggling to wrest their children from a firmly established patriarchal system.

    Nina Tseretilova’s efforts to be reunited with her three children have been thwarted for more than a year, despite the overturning of a local court’s decision to deny her custody because of her “lifestyle.”

    Nina Tseretilova


    Nina Tseretilova

    In taking her kids away from her in July, Daghestan’s Kirovsky District Court was apparently swayed by testimony from Tseretilova’s ex-husband, Magomed Tseretilov, who argued that she had created an “unhealthy” moral and psychological environment for bringing up children.

    As evidence, he presented photographs and videos from his ex-wife’s Instagram page in which she had conversations about “sex” and unconventional relations, and the court record noted that tattoos were visible on her body.

    Tseretilova’s underage children, meanwhile, testified that she had hosted parties at which young people had smoked and consumed alcohol. The court was shown a music video by the Dagestani group Duet 11 in which Tseretilova plays a prominent role.

    For her part, Tseretilova testified that she had married her ex-husband when she was 18 and that from the beginning he periodically beat her. She said she left him after he beat her while she was pregnant with their third child.

    The court, taking into account the established traditions of Russia and of the Republic of Daghestan, determined that Tseretilova led a lifestyle “that does not correspond to the behavioral norms and rules of the majority,” and granted custody to her ex-husband.

    Tseretilova, who tells Current Time that her ex-husband had “decided to punish” her after she pursued payment of alimony following their divorce in 2016, took the case to Daghestan’s Supreme Court.

    But even though the high court ruled in her favor in March, her children have still not been handed over.

    Zhanetta Tukhayeva has been working to get her eldest son back in an ordeal she says began seven years ago when her ex-husband, Ruslan Ibayev, kidnapped the boy for the first time, leaving their younger son with her only because she was still breastfeeding him.

    Zhanetta Tukhayeva


    Zhanetta Tukhayeva

    In March 2020, the Leninsky District Court in the Chechen capital of Grozny ruled in favor of Ibayev, saying that both the couple’s sons should live with their father and that her parental rights be limited.

    Ibayev’s argument in the case he initiated against Tukhayeva stressed the importance of “adats” — customary practices observed by Muslims in the North Caucasus — and cited her “divorced sisters” and “silicone lips” among reasons to deny her custody.

    In its ruling, the court noted that Ibayev was an attentive father whose “social behavior was “completely based on the norms of Islam and Chechen traditions.”

    It also backed Ibayev’s complaint about comments Tukhayeva made on Instagram in which she criticized the court proceedings as “laughable.” She wrote that her religious beliefs prevented her from getting any cosmetic procedures and accused her husband “of slinging mud and trying to intimidate her.”

    The court, saying the post “shows what kind of person she is,” ordered her to delete her account.

    The decisions were completely overturned just four months later by the Chechen Supreme Court, and Ibayev’s petition to appeal was denied. But Tukhayeva still has not been reunited with her eldest son and does not know where he lives.

    Russian Islamic scholar Akhmet Yarlykapov explained that tradition- and religion-bound beliefs influence North Caucasus communities’ views on custody issues, particularly those involving women who married outside their clan.

    “Following a divorce, the woman leaves for her father’s house, leaves for that clan. The children are considered to belong to the family of their father and, accordingly, remain in his family,” Yarlykapov told Current Time, the Russian-language network overseen by RFE/RL in cooperation with VOA. “With the grandmother, with an uncle, with anyone — but on the father’s side.”


    In custody disputes, the influence of Shari’a law often leads the local court to side with the father’s family, according to Yarlykapov.

    Olga Gnezdilova, a lawyer for the Legal Initiative project, which helps people file cases with the European Court of Human Rights (ECHR), said that in these cases it is common for local courts to scrutinize the “moral character” of the mother.

    Gnezdilova says her organization has taken on many such cases from the North Caucasus. She highlighted multiple instances in which the fathers had died, yet local courts awarded custody to the deceased male’s families.

    The lawyer added that Russian courts, referring to the 1959 UN Declaration on the Rights of the Child, have repeatedly enforced the declaration’s article stating that young children should not be separated from their mothers except in exceptional circumstances.

    But while Russia does not officially recognize Shari’a law or adats, in practice Islamic law and tradition often compete against Russian secular law in the North Caucasus.

    Gnezdilova said that while “regional judges have no legal basis to rely on in such decisions, they know that the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation does not like to review decisions about family disputes in the North Caucasus.”

    She says that in some cases Russian judicial authorities have effectively upheld decisions by lower courts in the North Caucasus to deny the mother custody in favor of the father’s family.

    In one example, Luiza Tapayeva’s four daughters were taken away by her husband’s family in Chechnya after his death in 2015. When she sued for custody, claiming that her four daughters had been kidnapped by their grandfather, the Urus-Martan city court decided the children should remain with the grandfather.

    To the Legal Initiative’s surprise, Gnezdilova said, “the Supreme Court of Russia upheld this decision, even though the parents have a priority right in the upbringing of their children.”

    The Russian government has been obligated in such cases to argue at the ECHR that the mothers’ rights had not been violated by the courts’ reliance on local customs.

    “If the Russian authorities in an international court argue that the mother’s rights were not violated by deferring to tradition,” Gnezdilova asked, “then what can we expect from district judges?”

    RFE/RL senior correspondent Michael Scollon contributed to this report

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.

  • As deadly violence erupted on the Kyrgyz-Tajik border last week, two peaceful Kyrgyz-majority districts of Tajikistan — located hundreds of kilometers away from the conflict zone — found themselves dragged into media reports of “evictions” and “deportations.”

    Kyrgyz media falsely reported that Tajikistan began deporting ethnic Kyrgyz from its Lakhsh and Murghob districts, sparking a barrage of angry social-media comments.

    RFE/RL contacted authorities in Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan — including local mayors and police — as well as several ethnic Kyrgyz in Lakhsh to establish what was happening. It also contacted several residents of Kyrgyzstan who say they know people who were deported from Tajikistan.

    Neither Tajik nor Kyrgyz officials could confirm reports that ethnic Kyrgyz were being sent out of Tajikistan.

    But both sides said in recent years and months, Tajik authorities have indeed been telling ethnic Kyrgyz they cannot obtain Kyrgyz passports unless they first renounce their Tajik citizenship.

    Tajikistan doesn’t allow dual nationality with any foreign country except for Russia. Kyrgyzstan prohibits dual citizenship with any of its bordering states — Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and China.

    “We do indeed tell people that they must choose between the two citizenships,” Faizullo Barotzoda, the mayor of Lakhsh district, told RFE/RL on May 5.

    WATCH: Fallen Officers’ Families Grieve In Wake Of Conflict On Kyrgyz-Tajik Border

    But the mayor insisted “the requirement is not related to the latest border conflict” between the two Central Asian countries.

    Over the past year, about 100 ethnic Kyrgyz from Lakhsh have given up their Tajik citizenship and chosen to keep their Kyrgyz passports, Barotzoda said. About the same number of people decided to renounce their Kyrgyz passports and keep their Tajik citizenship, he added.

    Asked about deportations of ethnic Kyrgyz from Tajikistan, Barotzoda said: “There have been cases in which Kyrgyz citizens who violated the immigration rules — a 60-day, visa-free stay — were deported from Tajikistan.”

    But he said he wasn’t aware of any such deportation since the border conflict erupted on April 28.

    Barotzoda did, however, give RFE/RL a list of 42 Tajik citizens, most of them ethnic Kyrgyz, who were sent back to Tajikistan through the Karamik border crossing between May 3 and May 6.

    RFE/RL has asked Kyrgyzstan’s Border Service for comment but had not received a response as of May 7.

    The Kyrgyz Interior Ministry claimed it knows of Tajikistan’s “expulsions of Kyrgyz citizens, both those visiting or permanently living in Lakhsh.” But it offered no evidence of the claim.

    The ministry added on May 4 that it’s been closely watching the situation since mid-March amid reports of unannounced inspections of ethnic Kyrgyz people’s documents by Tajik authorities in Lakhsh.

    Meanwhile, in the town of Murghob in eastern Tajikistan, district Mayor Husniya Rajabzoda said “no deportations” are taking place. Ethnic Kyrgyz make up 60 percent of Murghob’s population of some 16,000 people.

    In Kyrgyzstan, the border service of the State Committee for National Security denied statements by the head of a Russian human rights organization that some Tajiks flying in from Russia had been beaten at airports in Bishkek and Osh since the border violence in late April.

    Valentina Chupik, a Moscow-based human rights activist, said Kyrgyz officials should “do something with their employees” at the airports to prevent the harassment, which she claimed included beatings and extortion.

    Tajikistan doesn’t allow dual nationality with any foreign country except for Russia.


    Tajikistan doesn’t allow dual nationality with any foreign country except for Russia.

    Tajik citizen Khursandmurod Khomidov, who flew from Russia to Osh on his return to Tajikistan on April 30, said he and several others were ordered to pay money at the Osh airport and later were beaten by Kyrgyz border guards at the border.

    And Nuriddin Ilyosov, a Tajik citizen studying at Osh University, told RFE/RL that Kyrgyz guards extorted money from him at the Kyrgyz-Uzbek border crossing at Dustlik.

    Well-Integrated Communities

    In Lakhsh, ethnic Kyrgyz schoolteacher Bakhtiyor Aitmatov told RFE/RL that Kyrgyz and Tajiks communities live peacefully and are unaffected by the border violence that occurred some 700 kilometers away from his village.

    “I didn’t hear about anyone being kicked out of their homes. I’m hearing it for the first time now from you,” Aitmatov said, when asked about reports of deportations from Lakhsh.

    Ethnic Kyrgyz make up just over half of the Lakhsh district’s 57,000 people, which was previously named Jirgatol and is located in Tajikistan’s Rasht Valley.

    “Kyrgyz and Tajiks are very much integrated [and] mixed marriages are very common in Lakhsh,” Aitmatov said.

    Aitmatov lives in the Lakhsh town of Jirgatol, where he works at a school attended by both Kyrgyz and Tajik students. He said several people in his extended family have married ethnic Tajiks, and their children consider themselves both Kyrgyz and Tajik.


    The family keeps close contact with Aitmatov’s elder brother and two uncles who moved to Kyrgyzstan permanently several years ago and received Kyrgyz citizenship.

    Under a program called Kairylman (a returnee), Kyrgyzstan offers citizenship for ethnic Kyrgyz who move to the country from abroad. Tens of thousands of ethnic Kyrgyz have obtained citizenship since the program was launched in 2007.

    Separately, thousands of ethnic Kyrgyz relocated from Tajikistan to Kyrgyzstan during the Tajik civil war in the 1990s.

    During that war, Kyrgyzstan also offered asylum for hundreds of Tajiks who fled the violence in their home country.

    ‘Six Hours To Leave’

    Akimalidin Kalbekov, a resident of Kyrgyzstan’s Chui Province, offers a different story.

    Citing a friend from Lakhsh, Kalbekov told RFE/RL that ethnic Kyrgyz who don’t want to give up their Kyrgyz passports are being forced to leave Tajikistan immediately.

    “[Tajik authorities] give them six hours to leave the country. Around 100 citizens are leaving Jirgatol,” Kalbekov said on May 5. “My friend came from Jirgatol.”

    A list of deportees


    A list of deportees

    Kalbekov didn’t want to give his friend’s name over concern of possible retaliation against his relatives in Tajikistan. He said the friend’s wife has decided to stay in Lakhsh for the time being.

    Another Chui resident, Rakhimbek Kasymov, said he worries about the “hardship” awaiting those deported from Tajikistan.

    “When they come to Kyrgyzstan they have nowhere to live,” Kasymov said on May 5. “Some stay in relatives’ houses and have many difficulties.”

    Kyrgyz-Tajiks Expelled

    The Lakhsh local government says that 19 Tajik citizens — most of them ethnic Kyrgyz students — were deported by Kyrgyz officials to Tajikistan late on May 3. Twenty-three more reportedly were also returned to their home country through the same border crossing between Batken and Lakhsh on May 6.

    After being tested for the coronavirus, they are currently staying in quarantine in Lakhsh.

    Contacted by RFE/RL, several of them said Kyrgyz officials told them they should return to Tajikistan because of the coronavirus pandemic.

    Among them are at least five people who have both Kyrgyz and Tajik passports.

    It’s not known how many ethnic Kyrgyz Tajiks have obtained a Kyrgyz passport while keeping their Tajik citizenship, though some sources estimate some 10,000 Kyrgyz just from Lakhsh and Murghob have done so. It’s unclear if they have told Kyrgyz authorities that they have not renounced their Tajik nationality or vice versa.

    The Jirgatol region of the Rasht Valley in Tajikistan


    The Jirgatol region of the Rasht Valley in Tajikistan

    An official at the Internal Affairs Department in Lakhsh told RFE/RL that some of those “dual citizens” who chose to keep Tajik citizenship are farmers.

    “They have up to 10 hectares of farmland leased from the state and they don’t want to lose that,” the official said. “If they chose Kyrgyz citizenship they would have to obtain a residency permit and face completely different rules for renting the land and [paying] taxes.”

    The official, who is directly involved in the “inspection of documents,” spoke on condition of anonymity because he is not authorized to speak to the media.

    Many other ethnic Kyrgyz Tajik citizens use their “second” Kyrgyz passports to get jobs in Kyrgyzstan, with the large southern city of Osh being a popular destination.

    Some ethnic Kyrgyz hope that Bishkek and Dushanbe reach an agreement on dual-citizenship or a special arrangement for citizens to work and subsequently claim pensions and other social benefits in the neighboring state.

    But with the ongoing tensions and deadly violence that has occurred, it’s unlikely the neighbors would consider such a step in the near future.

    RFE/RL correspondent Maksat Zhangaziev contributed to this report in Bishkek

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.

  • PODGORICA — Still rutted with historically fraught questions of religious and national identity, Montenegro’s political path took a sharp turn in August.

    That’s when a diverse coalition of Serbian nationalists, populists, centrists, socialists, environmentalists, and anticorruption campaigners won just enough votes to edge out the Democratic Party of Socialists (DPS) that had run the former Yugoslav republic for 30 years.

    A record turnout among Montenegro’s some 540,000 registered voters demanded change and heralded impatience with President Milo Djukanovic and the perceived clientelism that helped make him one of Europe’s longest-serving democratic leaders.

    But now, as the incongruous 10-party coalition and its “cabinet of experts” approach six months in power, signs are mounting of roiling ethnic and national tensions as well as political obstacles that could further divide — or even destabilize — the Balkans’ smallest state.

    Alongside a fast-paced reset in official relations with the powerful Serbian Orthodox Church headquartered in Belgrade, pro-Serbian Prime Minister Zdravko Krivokapic’s bid to refashion the country’s laws on nationality and citizenship has sparked “Montenegrin Spring” protests.

    “We’ve got a polarized society in which I find myself on neither side and it seems to me I don’t belong to such a society,” Lazar, a 23-year-old in the capital, Podgorica, told RFE/RL’s Balkan Service.

    He described the “sides” as the “Komitis,” a reference to ethnic Montenegrin nationalists, and a “Serbian world” envisaged by proponents of closer cultural and political ties with Serbia.

    “Whether these tensions will be resolved,” Lazar said, “I’m not sure it will happen anytime soon, and it seems to me that we’re sinking deeper and deeper into divisions.”

    Using My Religion

    Within weeks of taking power in early December, Krivokapic’s government introduced changes to a year-old Law on Religious Freedoms.

    The amendments had been sought by the Serbian Orthodox Church and its Montenegrin arm since the law’s passage by Djukanovic and his allies in late 2019 — and Krivokapic’s For the Future of Montenegro alliance had promised ahead of the elections to make such changes.

    Montenegrin Prime Minister Zdravko Krivokapic (file photo)


    Montenegrin Prime Minister Zdravko Krivokapic (file photo)

    One of the most contentious elements in the new law was an obligation for religious communities to prove their ownership of churches and other property prior to 1918, when Montenegro joined the future Yugoslavia under disputed circumstances and the Montenegrin Orthodox Church’s assets were eventually taken over by the Serbian church.

    That led the Serbian church to fear the nationalization of its 700-plus churches and other sites in Montenegro if the law was rigorously enforced.

    Its rushed, late-night passage by parliament was boycotted by pro-Serb parties, including some in the current coalition, and sparked months of clergy-led public protests that helped fuel opposition to Djukanovic and the DPS.

    The 62-year-old Krivokapic — whose side jobs have included decades teaching information technology at a Serbian Orthodox seminary in Cetinje, not far from Montenegro’s capital — made rescinding parts of the law his government’s top priority.

    Coalition lawmakers quickly approved the amendments and overrode Djukanovic’s veto in January.

    Around half of Montenegro’s 620,000 citizens are thought to attend Serbian Orthodox services.

    A far smaller — but vocal — number of Montenegrins attend services of the mostly unrecognized Montenegrin Orthodox Church, which Djukanovic has spent decades promoting as the rightful successor to the defunct church of the same name.

    Montenegrin President Milo Djukanovic (file photo)


    Montenegrin President Milo Djukanovic (file photo)

    “The scar is, so to speak, still open,” Emil Saggau, research fellow at Lund University’s Center for Theology and Religious Studies, said. “The Serbian Orthodox Church might have won the battle for now, but the conflict is not over. If they don’t use the situation to defuse things further it might create a political and religious backlash.”

    But Krivokapic didn’t stop there.

    Since amending the Law on Religious Freedoms, he has seemingly single-handedly prepared a Fundamental Agreement to regulate relations between the Montenegrin state and the Serbian Orthodox Church.

    Krivokapic has kept its contents secret, but he and the new Serbian patriarch, Profirije, are expected to sign it as soon as this week.

    Saggau called the agreement with the Belgrade-based church the “logical next step” because the Serbian church “has technically been in a sort of legal gray zone” since Montenegro regained independence in 2006.

    The deal could “normalize the relationship,” he said, and “restore the Serbian Orthodox Church to the same position as the Jews, Muslims, and Catholics” in Montenegro.

    “It is therefore hardly surprising that they came to an understanding,” Saggau said.

    He called it a “deep blow” to the noncanonical Montenegrin church.

    Otherwise ‘Mixed’ Reviews

    Freedom House described Montenegro’s leadership in its Freedom In The World 2021 report as “a government of nonpartisan experts…[and] a de facto minority government supported by an ideologically heterogenous parliamentary majority, leaving it vulnerable to instability as its work begins in earnest.” https://freedomhouse.org/country/montenegro/freedom-world/2021

    So rejigging church-state relations may have been the easy part.

    It was the issue that most observers agree provided the decisive momentum going into the elections that flipped the result Krivokapic’s way.

    “On other reforms or stated policy priorities, the picture [so far] is mixed,” according to Kenneth Morrison, a professor of modern Southeastern European history at Britain’s De Montfort University.

    Montenegrin Foreign Minister Djordje Radulovic (file photo)


    Montenegrin Foreign Minister Djordje Radulovic (file photo)

    Among the new government’s successes, he cited Foreign Minister Djordje Radulovic’s pledge that Montenegro won’t deviate from its Euro-Atlantic orientation, although he noted that there has been “some skepticism regarding this.”

    Morrison also mentioned last month’s arrest, in the coastal city of Kotor, of suspected senior figures in the Kavac clan, which is purported to be heavily involved in international drug trafficking and other serious crimes.

    He said those arrests and a blunt public warning to the group by Deputy Prime Minister Dritan Abazovic could signal the coalition’s intent to make tackling organized crime “a key cornerstone of government policy.”

    “But it is really too early to judge, more broadly, the efficacy of the new government,” Morrison said.

    However, the government’s legislative vigor and its promised reforms have remained stalled since December.

    One of the leaders of the senior governing Democratic Front complained last month that “the government hasn’t sent a single legislative proposal to parliament since December, and that shows a lack of strategy.”

    But that same Democratic Front has reportedly conditioned its support for new legislation on judicial and prosecutorial changes that smack of payback for convictions against two of its members for an alleged coup plot around the 2016 elections that involved Serbians and Russians.

    Such threats from the ranks of a disparate, three-bloc coalition with a collective one-seat majority hints at the potential for delays in the government’s legislative agenda.

    “Given the very narrow majority that they have in parliament and, equally, how narrow the margin of their victory was in the 2020 elections, they are never going to be an overwhelmingly popular government,” Morrison said.

    To make matters worse, as the COVID-19 pandemic grinds on, it is taking a huge toll on Montenegro’s tourism industry, which represented more than one-fifth of gross domestic product two years ago.

    ‘Shifting Center Of Gravity’

    But Krivokapic has not been idle on one of the country’s most contentious topics: nationality.

    Amended regulations that Krivokapic floated in March would provide a path to citizenship for tens of thousands of foreign residents currently prevented from becoming Montenegrin by a ban on dual citizenship.

    Many of those residents are Serbian, prompting Montenegrin critics to decry the change as a thinly veiled “Serbianization” of their country, which split from a joint state with Serbia after a referendum in 2006.

    “Patriotic” protests, many of them organized under the banners of a “Montenegrin Response” or a “Montenegrin Spring,” erupted in Podgorica and other cities in April to push back against Krivokapic’s initiative.

    And nationalist incidents and demonstrations have been on the rise since election night when the DPS was sidelined by pro-Serb, pro-reform, and anti-corruption parties but some of the most boisterous celebrants sang Serbian national songs and waved Serbia’s tricolor flag.

    “There were protests and efforts to draw attention to institutional corruption prior to the elections, which is one of the many reasons the results aggregated the way they did,” Kurt Bassuener, a senior associate at the Democratization Policy Council, a Berlin think tank, told RFE/RL’s Balkan Service. “But I think those who voted with that motivation clearly underestimated the potential downside — how quickly and how far the political center of gravity could shift.”

    Montenegrin Interior Minister Sergej Sekulovic warned in late April that the postelection period has been marked by increased tensions and confrontation.

    He said 152 rallies — almost all of them organized via social media and without permits — had attracted more than 130,000 attendees since August.

    Such events “deeply divide the public and encourage an environment of intolerance and violence,” Sekulovic warned.

    He cited attacks on religious buildings, incitement of religious and national hatred, and ethnic polarization.

    “It appears to me that what had seemed to be a solid popular majority for Montenegrin statehood and identity as a multiethnic state was far less deeply rooted than many Montenegrins, let alone outside observers, believed,” Bassuener said.

    Nationalism is a particularly painful topic in the Balkans, where wars that broke out amid the breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s killed at least 130,000 people, many of them victims of ethnic cleansing.

    In early April, Krivokapic requested the dismissal of Justice, Human and Minority Rights Minister Vladimir Leposavic after he questioned the UN war crimes court’s description of the 1995 Serb killings of thousands of Bosniak men in the Bosnian town of Srebrenica as genocide.

    The Democratic Front’s parliamentary leader said Leposavic wouldn’t be removed “for as long as the DF exists” and added that every “Serb in Montenegro has the same view as Leposavic.”

    A newly released poll this week showed that nearly two-thirds of Montenegrins think there are still the kind of ideologies and policies in place in their country that were responsible for the bloodshed of the 1990s. One-third of respondents agreed with Leposavic that it has not been “unequivocably established” that Srebrenica was genocide.

    Parliament is due to debate Leposavic’s cabinet fate on May 11.

    Minister of Justice Vladimir Leposavic (left) and Deputy Prime Minister Dritan Abazovic in Podgorica late last year.


    Minister of Justice Vladimir Leposavic (left) and Deputy Prime Minister Dritan Abazovic in Podgorica late last year.

    The atmosphere was toxic enough in late April for an elementary-school principle in the northern town of Pljevlja to be slated for dismissal after a photo on social media showed her wearing a shubara, a traditional peasant hat frequently worn by Serb soldiers during 20th-century conflicts, including the wars of Yugoslav succession.

    Krivokapic was forced to comment on the case after a Democratic Front lawmaker raised the issue in parliament.

    It’s not necessarily a good look for NATO’s newest member and a country that many have long regarded as the Western Balkans’ most eligible candidate for EU accession.


    Ethnicity, nationality, and the sanctity of post-Yugoslav borders are already causing headaches in Brussels with the recent leaks of purported “nonpapers” among EU member states, one of which purported to suggest the breaking up of Bosnia-Herzegovina.

    Just this week, 266 intellectuals, artists, and other public figures from throughout the Balkans warned in an open letter to the U.S., EU, and NATO governments of the ongoing “pursuit of border changes or ethno-territorialism” in the region. It urged them to “confront” a “clear and present danger” stemming from decades of “deterrence failure.”

    “There is still time for the U.S. and EU to arrest the current trajectory, which would eventually end in violence,” the signatories warned.

    Boris Raonic, president of the Podgorica-based Civic Alliance, an NGO that promotes civil and democratic society and human rights, says the international community could help combat runaway nationalism with messaging and other encouragement “if there’s no desire or readiness by politicians in Montenegro” to do it.

    “What is certain is that they don’t need another hotspot in the Balkans,” Raonic said.

    Writing and reporting by Andy Heil in Prague with reporting by Aneta Durovic and contributions by Bojana Moskov from Podgorica

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.


  • Photo: TOBIAS MARSCHALL (Courtesy Photo)

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.

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    Halfway between opposition leader Aleksei Navalny’s grim winter homecoming and September parliamentary elections that will test President Vladimir Putin’s legitimacy, analysts say Russia has entered a new era of repressions that poses risks for the Kremlin — and will be hard to reverse.

    Here are some of the key developments in Russia over the past week and some of the takeaways going forward.

    ‘A Major Policy Shift’

    When Federation Council speaker Valentina Matviyenko scheduled a meeting of the upper house of parliament after President Vladimir Putin’s state-of-the-nation speech last month, she said it would follow an address for a “new time.” It was unclear what she meant, and speculation that her remarks signaled some aggressive move by Moscow — such as a merger with Minsk or a new offensive against Ukraine – has not been borne out so far.

    But she was not wrong: It is a new time.

    Valentina Matviyenko, the speaker of Russia's upper house of parliament, the Federation Council


    Valentina Matviyenko, the speaker of Russia’s upper house of parliament, the Federation Council

    Since Kremlin foe Aleksei Navalny was jailed upon his return to Russia in January — and arguably since his poisoning last August, or even earlier — there has been a substantial alteration in the Kremlin’s approach, analysts say, and one that will be hard to reverse, even if Putin wants to.

    Different observers have put it in different ways: One wrote of a “worst-case” scenario coming true; another said that Putin’s Kremlin is “killing off hope”; while a third tweeted that the Russian state has gone “all in on repression.”

    Still another said the level of “repression and authoritarianism” in Russia today “marks a milestone in the political decay and intellectual debasement of late Putinism.”

    “There is no way of escaping the realization that a major policy shift has taken place in Russia,” Mark Galeotti, an analyst, author, and expert on the state security services, wrote in an article published in The Moscow Times on May 1.

    “A regime that for 20 years sought to be an exemplar of a kind of ‘hybrid authoritarianism,’” he wrote, has shifted to a more menacing style of rule that “could be called post-post-authoritarianism — or maybe just plain, old-fashioned authoritarianism.”

    ‘Fearful’ Kremlin

    Since Navalny’s return, this shift has for some, at least, come to seem inevitable. Each week, perhaps even every day, has brought multiple fresh signs of an intensified crackdown on dissent — what Freedom House called Putin’s “vicious efforts to silence dissenting voices” ahead of parliamentary elections in September.

    “The attempted murder of Aleksei Navalny in 2020 and his imprisonment…. This year was just the most prominent demonstration of the regime’s cruelty,” the U.S. government-funded NGO said in its annual Nations In Transit report, released on April 28. Russia’s National Democratic Governance score dropped to its lowest possible position, the report said.

    Russian President Vladimir Putin now sits on “a throne of bayonets and billy clubs,” writes political analyst Mark Galeotti.


    Russian President Vladimir Putin now sits on “a throne of bayonets and billy clubs,” writes political analyst Mark Galeotti.

    “The suppression of protests with unprecedented severity, the extension of the foreign agents law to practically any citizen involved in political activities, and plans to tighten state control over the Internet all suggest that the Kremlin is fearful of its critics and determined to secure a choreographed victory in the fall 2021 elections by any means necessary,” it said.

    But like other major moves that have ratcheted up tensions with the West in recent years, such as the seizure of Crimea from Ukraine in 2014, it was not easily predictable. And it was not widely predicted — certainly not before it became clear, just 14 months ago, that Putin would hand himself the option of seeking two more six-year terms after his current Kremlin stint ends in 2024.

    “I didn’t think the Kremlin would go all in on repression as quickly and as deeply as it has,” Sam Greene, a political analyst and director of the Russia Institute at King’s College London, said in an April 30 thread on Twitter.

    In November 2018, Greene “looked at the challenges facing Vladimir Putin, the options on his menu, and tried to predict what he’d do,” he wrote. “Looking back, I was right about most things, but wrong about one. I wish I hadn’t been.”

    Among four paths Putin might choose to take in a bid to solve his problem, Greene wrote in 2018, one was to “break the constitution” by “engineering an end to term limits” for himself, as Greene accurately predicted Putin would do.

    The Risks Of Repression

    But he predicted Putin would stop short of seeking to “break the people,” to turn to “wholesale repression in order to cow opponents and make democratic legitimacy less important.”

    Greene guessed wrong, he wrote, because he “misunderstood the cost-benefit analysis from the Kremlin’s point of view.”

    He thought that Putin would reason that “increased repression created risks, if only because it could spark an unpredictable dynamic of contention,” and would decide not to take that risk, Greene wrote. But in the Kremlin, “the question was evidently posed differently: Was it riskier for the Kremlin to have an autonomous opposition, or to have none? The answer is clear.”

    Riot police detain pro-Navalny protesters in Moscow on February 2. “I didn't think the Kremlin would go all in on repression as quickly and as deeply as it has,” says analyst Sam Greene.


    Riot police detain pro-Navalny protesters in Moscow on February 2. “I didn’t think the Kremlin would go all in on repression as quickly and as deeply as it has,” says analyst Sam Greene.

    Putin’s administration “has gradually concluded that it is no longer bound by the niceties of democratic procedure,” Greene went on. “The Kremlin — much like the Chinese authorities in Hong Kong, or its neighbors in Minsk — has decided that outright repression is now a legitimate form of governance.”

    Other analysts have also suggested they thought, or at least hoped, that such a dire turn of events was unlikely as well as unfortunate.

    “I am struck by the extent to which Russia today, and US-Russian relations today, resemble the worst-case scenarios of those ‘possible Russia futures’ studies we wrote in the 90s and oughts,” Olya Oliker, Europe and Central Asia director at the International Crisis Group, wrote on Twitter on April 30.

    Greene bet against the “break-the-people” option because, he wrote, “Given that the relationship with the opposition was manageable, why risk it?”

    Galeotti suggested that he also struggled to understand why the Kremlin decided to take the path it has chosen.

    Despite years of challenges to the viability of a “hybrid” or “postmodern” brand of authoritarianism that “relied largely not so much on fear and force as control of the narrative,” he wrote, Putin’s “regime was still solidly in power. There was no meaningful opposition, the elite were either content or fearful of losing what they had, and the state’s capacities, from financial reserves to repressive capabilities, in healthy surplus.”

    “This makes it all the harder to explain “the apparent decision to drop the mask and turn to much more openly repressive measures,” he wrote.

    ‘A Throne Of Bayonets’

    He indicated there may have been several factors. One of them: The challenge mounted by Navalny, whose arrest and imprisonment have sparked several rounds of nationwide since his return on January 17 following treatment for the nerve-agent poisoning he blames on Putin. Another: Sheer momentum.

    “Once you start along some roads, it’s hard to stop,” Galeotti wrote. “When [Navalny] survived and defiantly returned to Russia the regime clearly felt it had no alternative but to imprison him, lest it look weak. And once his movement began to hold mass protests, which spread beyond the usual metropolitical set and into towns and cities across the country, then the ‘logic’ of cracking down more broadly became hard to resist.”

    Another ingredient is the Kremlin’s narrative — deep-rooted and still growing, it seems, despite a lack of evidence — according to which the West, and in particular Washington, is bent on undermining Russia and pushing Putin from power. There’s debate about whether Putin and other Russian officials believe that, but Moscow’s actions suggest that may not matter much.

    Russian riot police patrol to prevent possible protests in support of Navalny in central Moscow in February.


    Russian riot police patrol to prevent possible protests in support of Navalny in central Moscow in February.

    In any case, Galeotti wrote, while “the scale of repression can and will be modulated depending on the needs and fears of the Kremlin at any time,” the road the Russian state has taken “is not a path that can be retraced.”

    “Putin’s is now a throne of bayonets — and billy clubs — and he will have to sit on it,” he wrote in The Moscow Times article.

    Greene, too, warned that Putin and his government have passed a point of no return. They will share the risks run by other states that have cracked down hard, from China to Belarus, where Alyaksandr Lukashenka has chosen violence and repression as the means to retain power amid determined opposition to his 26-year rule following a deeply disputed election last August.

    “China may never again be able to govern Hong Kong with the consent of its residents; Lukashenka’s rule will last only as long as the police are content to keep him in power,” Greene wrote. “For the Kremlin, too, there is no turning back.”

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.

  • It was one of the most sophisticated digital fraud operations in the history of the Internet, by some accounts scamming between $10 million and $30 million over the roughly four years it existed.

    Dubbed “Methbot” by security researchers, the operation used thousands of infected computers around the world to falsely inflate web traffic to dummy websites and defraud advertisers. A related, overlapping scam, dubbed “3ev,” used infected residential computers linked to real human users.

    This week in a U.S. federal court in New York City, the Russian man accused by U.S. authorities of being a ringleader of the group, Aleksandr Zhukov, went on trial for wire fraud, money laundering, and other charges.

    One cybercrime researcher described the setup used to run the Methbot network as “the most costly botnet fraud in history.”

    Extradited to the United States after being arrested in Bulgaria in November 2018, Zhukov has pleaded innocent. Seven other people, mainly Russians, have also been indicted.

    “The cybercrime in my indictment is just [the] imagination of [the] FBI, and I wish to go to jury,” Zhukov told the U.S. court in April 2019.

    The case is the latest example of U.S. law enforcement going after alleged Russian cybercriminals around the world, a trend that has infuriated the Kremlin, which has accused the United States of hunting Russian citizens.

    But written into the code of the Methbot case, there’s also technical intrigue: The network of servers that was allegedly used by the hackers has been under scrutiny to determine whether it was used by Russian state-backed hackers, or intelligence agencies, to hack into U.S. political parties

    “Differentiating between what is ‘cybercrime’ and what is nation-state activity, such as espionage, is getting increasingly difficult, especially concerning Russia,” Mathew Schwartz, executive editor of the industry journal DataBreachToday, told RFE/RL. “In part, this is because some individuals who have day jobs as government hackers — or contractors — seem to hack the West in their spare time — for fun, patriotism or profit.”

    ‘Are You Gangsters? No, We Are Russians’

    According to U.S. court records, the Methbot scam first took form in September 2014, when Zhukov and five other men from Russia and Kazakhstan allegedly rented more than 1,900 computer servers at commercial data centers in Texas and elsewhere and used them to simulate humans viewing ads on fabricated webpages.

    Eventually, the scam grew to include more than 850,000 Internet addresses, supported by hundreds of dedicated servers located in the United States and in Europe, mainly in the Netherlands.

    In a September 2014 text message obtained by U.S. investigators and published by prosecutors, Zhukov, who had moved to Bulgaria in 2010, allegedly bragged about the scope of the scheme to another man who was part of the effort: “You bet! King of fraud!”

    “Are you gangsters? No, we are Russians,” the other man responds, according to a U.S. transcript.

    In December 2016, White Ops, a U.S. cybersecurity company that specializes in digital ad fraud and botnets, published a report that pinpointed much of the technical information about the operation and its financial damages. Those findings were later corroborated by researchers at Google.

    Differentiating between what is ‘cybercrime’ and what is nation-state activity, such as espionage, is getting increasingly difficult, especially concerning Russia.”

    Methbot, White Ops concluded, “was the largest and most profitable advertising fraud operation to strike digital advertising to date.”

    On November 6, 2018, Bulgarian police raided the apartment in the Black Sea port of Varna where Zhukov was living and, with U.S. law enforcement present, questioned, then arrested, Zhukov, seizing his computer hardware and cell phones. U.S. authorities unsealed a 13-count indictment against him and seven other Russian and Kazakh nationals later that month.

    Zhukov was extradited to the United States two months later, in January 2019.

    Another key player was a Kazakh man named Sergei Ovysannikov, who allegedly was involved in the overlapping botnet scheme called 3ve. The scheme was tied to at least $29 million in fraud and allegedly involved more than 1.7 million infected computers. Because the infected computers were in homes, they were linked to real human beings, making it harder to detect.

    “However you want to look at it, from an illicit profit-generating perspective, that counts as super lucrative,” Schwartz said.

    Ovysannikov was arrested on a U.S. warrant in Malaysia in October 2018. He later pleaded guilty in U.S. federal court.

    Yevgeny Timchenko, another Kazakh national who was also allegedly linked to the 3ve scheme, was arrested in Estonia the same month as Zhukov and later extradited. The other men named in the indictment are still at large, according to U.S. officials.

    The Steele Dossier

    Though the fraud allegedly committed in the Methbot and 3ve schemes was lucrative, the underlying technologies and infrastructure used have interested security researchers and experts tracking state-sponsored hacking efforts, particularly those involving Russia, Iran, North Korea, China, and other countries with developed hacking capabilities.

    The complicated setup used to run the Methbot network was extensive and expensive, according to one cybercrime researcher, who described it as “the most costly botnet fraud in history.”

    A sizable number of the servers that the Methbot operation rented and utilized were owned and maintained by companies affiliated with XBT Holding S.A., which is owned by a Russian venture capitalist named Aleksei Gubarev.

    Russian tech entrepreneur Aleksei Gubarev arrives at the High Court in London in July 2020.


    Russian tech entrepreneur Aleksei Gubarev arrives at the High Court in London in July 2020.

    That holding includes a group of web-hosting businesses also known as Webzilla, which has operations in Dallas, Texas, as well as in Russia, and which has specialized in services aimed at Internet advertisers, gaming companies, software developers, and e-commerce businesses. Among its web-hosting domains are DDoS.com, 1-800-HOSTING, and SecureVPN.com.

    A series of reports by the McClatchy newspaper network and the Miami Herald documented how major web viruses have spread via XBT’s infrastructure.

    While known within the tech industry, Gubarev’s name and his companies burst into wider public view in January 2017 with the publication of a collection of memos written by a former British spy named Christopher Steele.

    The memos, which were written in 2016, included salacious, unverified allegations against then-U.S. presidential candidate Donald Trump. It later emerged that the work was commissioned by a Washington law firm on behalf of the Democratic Party.

    The collected memos, which had circulated among reporters in Washington but were published first by BuzzFeed, were known as the Steele Dossier.

    One memo alleged that XBT/Webzilla and affiliated companies played a key role in the hack of Democratic Party computers in the spring of 2016, which resulted in the leak of e-mails that many believe helped harm former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton’s campaign against Trump. The memo also alleged Gubarev had been coerced into providing services to Russia’s main domestic security agency, known as the FSB.

    Subsequent U.S. intelligence reports and law enforcement indictments blamed the hack on Russia’s military intelligence agency, known as the GRU. Russia’s foreign intelligence agency, called the SVR, has been implicated both in that hack and the more recent SolarWinds intrusion of U.S. government and corporate servers.

    Gubarev has denied the allegations and sued BuzzFeed in U.S. court for publishing the Steele Dossier. That lawsuit was ultimately thrown out, but during the process, a technical expert who had served as chief of staff of the FBI’s Cyber Division in Washington, D.C., testified on behalf of BuzzFeed’s lawyers.

    The expert, Anthony Ferrante, said that Russian cyberespionage groups had used XBT servers to conduct “spear-phishing” campaigns against Democratic politicians, and XBT-owned infrastructure had been used to support Russian state-sponsored cybercampaigns.

    Ferrante asserted that the size of the Methbot operation, and the fact that a large number of IP addresses were first added to XBT-affiliated servers in late 2015 and then suddenly shut off in December 2016, meant an XBT employee would have had to do that manually.

    That, he said, pointed to the likelihood that XBT managers knew the company’s infrastructure was being used for illegal activity.

    “Additionally, the operation was a large scale ‘botnet,’ which is consistent with statements made in the [Steele] Dossier,” Ferrante wrote.

    ‘Unsung Heroes’

    A press spokesman for Ferrante’s Boston-based consulting company declined to comment further on the case.

    Gubarev, who reportedly lives in Cyprus, could not be immediately located for comment.

    In an e-mail to RFE/RL, however, his U.S. lawyer confirmed that XBT had hosted some of the Methbot operation. But, he said, Gubarev and XBT executives were in fact “unsung heroes” because, he said, they canceled the account and preserved hard drives as evidence.

    “The reason that the government is able to make its case now is because of the fast action by Mr. Gubarev and Webzilla,” Val Gurvits, a lawyer based in the Boston suburb of Newton, told RFE/RL.

    Gurvits also said that while “bad actors” misused Webzilla’s network, “not a single reputable source found that Webzilla was at fault for any such misuse.”

    “The truth is that my clients have always taken extraordinary measures to ensure that its networks are not misused,” he said.

    Schwartz, of DataBreachToday, said the Methbot case shows how blurred the line has become between run-of-the-mill online criminal activity and state-sponsored cybercampaigns of the sort used not only by Russian intelligence, but also the Central Intelligence Agency, the U.S. National Security Agency, and intelligence agencies around the world.

    He also said agencies are increasingly using commonly available malware, and even criminal-run infrastructure, as part of “the cybercrime-as-service ecosystem.”

    “For spies, using infrastructure built by — and for — criminals makes sense, because it’s more difficult for victims or foreign intelligence agencies to tell if any given activity is criminal or government run,” he said.

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.

  • MINSK — Dzyanis Urbanovich, a Belarusian opposition leader and no stranger to longtime leader Alyaksandr Lukashenka’s security apparatus and jails, was snatched off the streets of Minsk on April 21 and locked up in a prison that has become synonymous with torture.

    Urbanovich, leader of the outlawed Malady Front (Youth Front) movement, was sentenced the next day in a trial that he says lasted all of three minutes and thrown back into a overcrowded two-person cell at the notorious Akrestsina detention center.

    Dzyanis Urbanovich


    Dzyanis Urbanovich

    Versed in the harsh conditions at Akrestsina, Urbanovich was nonetheless shocked by a new tactic the guards employed.

    “It was hot in there, and they poured in a bucket of bleach,” Urbanovich recently recounted to Current Time, the Russian-language network led by RFE/RL in cooperation with VOA. “The air became thick with the fumes and you couldn’t breathe. Your eyes started to tear up and your throat burned. You became wobbly, swaying here and there…. You needed to rinse your mouth with water and spit it out.”

    The recent use of bleach at Akrestsina has been confirmed publicly by at least one other Belarusian jailed there and highlights what observers say are Lukashenka’s increasingly aggressive measures aimed at eliminating the remaining opposition to his rule.

    Displaying the opposition’s colors of red and white — be it on banners or even socks — can result in arrest, detention, or a fine.

    Lukashenka, a 66-year-old former Soviet collective farm manager who has ruled Belarus since 1994, has pushed changes through in his rubber-stamp parliament that further criminalize criticizing the government or taking part in unsanctioned demonstrations. Other pending changes would make it a crime for reporters to cover unsanctioned protests or stream them online.

    Lukashenka has chosen a "deterrence strategy,” unleashing a new wave of repression to prevent any fresh wave of mass protests, one analyst says.


    Lukashenka has chosen a “deterrence strategy,” unleashing a new wave of repression to prevent any fresh wave of mass protests, one analyst says.

    Belarus has been rocked by protests since Lukashenka, in power since 1994, was declared the landslide winner of an August 9 election amid claims the vote was rigged against Svyatlana Tsikhanouskaya, a political novice and arguably the biggest threat to Lukashenka’s decades-long rule. More than 30,000 have been detained and thousands beaten or even tortured in the government’s brutal crackdown.

    The Belarusian NGO Vyasna says there are now 369 political prisoners in Belarus. Many opposition leaders are either in prison or have fled Belarus. Hundreds of journalists have been targeted as well, many simply for reporting on the protests.

    Hard Authoritarian Or Soft Totalitarian?

    To demonize the protest movement, Lukashenka has also recently pushed unfounded claims that the opposition — allegedly backed by Washington — was plotting to murder his family and depose him, prompting one of his top Interior Ministry officers to describe regime opponents as “wild dogs.”

    While public discontent remains high, the price of protesting the Lukashenka regime has become increasingly high, with people either out of work, out of the country, or too scared to risk harsher penalties by taking to the streets, explained Kamil Klysinski, a senior fellow at the Warsaw-based OSW Center for Eastern Studies.

    “In the past few months, the regime has evolved from what I’d call medium authoritarian to hard authoritarian or even soft totalitarian,” Klysinski told RFE/RL in e-mailed remarks. “His opponents are punished for everything, even for flags or clothes with the illegal white-red-white symbol. It’s an unprecedented situation, and that’s why there is no activity on the streets.”

    Protests that once attracted as many as 200,000 people in Minsk in the wake of the disputed election are long a thing of the past. In recent months, flash mobs and other subtler forms of protest have become the norm.

    Svyatlana Tsikhanouskaya leads the Belarusian opposition from Lithuania.


    Svyatlana Tsikhanouskaya leads the Belarusian opposition from Lithuania.

    Tsikhanouskaya, who left for Lithuania after the vote, conceded in February that the pro-democracy movement had “lost the streets.” She had hoped to reignite it on March 25, or Freedom Day, when Belarus marked the anniversary of the founding of the first, albeit short-lived, democratic Belarus republic in 1918.

    Ahead of the planned nationwide rallies at that time, Ivan Tertel, the head of the KGB state security agency, claimed to have uncovered plans to “destabilize” Belarus. State-run television showed Interior Ministry troops preparing for “mass unrest,” and a top Interior Ministry official talked of dealing harshly with protesters, whom he had described as “enemies of the state.”

    Given the threats and ongoing arrests, the large crowds never materialized. Nevertheless, more than 200 people were arrested that day at modest marches across the country, according to Vyasna.

    Lukashenka “chose a deterrence strategy,” unleashing a new wave of repression to nip in the bud any fresh wave of mass protests, explained Alesia Rudnik, a Belarusian analyst based in Sweden.

    “Dozens of journalists, activists, and ordinary citizens were arrested,” Rudnik explained in e-mailed comments. “The regime introduced draconian laws on extremism and mass events. Right in this period, state TV started to actively produce more advanced propaganda materials with new narratives and stories. All this indicates Lukashenka is attempting to strengthen his power.”

    Changes to the country’s mass-media law — passed by the rubber-stamp parliament in April — would make it illegal for journalists to “discredit” the state, or livestream mass unauthorized gatherings, among other draconian measures. Average Belarusians face stiffer penalties for criticizing the government or taking part in unsanctioned rallies, according to changes to the country’s Criminal Code. The proposed changes have been denounced by rights activists, including Human Rights Watch.

    ‘They Started Coughing, Retching…’

    Urbanovich said conditions at Akrestsina — one of the most notorious detention centers in Belarus — worsened around the time of the planned mass demonstrations coinciding with Freedom Day.

    “Up until Freedom Day, things were more or less the same,” he said. “There were mattresses, books, board games. And then on the 27th, it all changed. First, they took out the mattresses, and then gradually by April 1, there was nothing left. And after April 1, they began to deal with us physically.”

    Mikalay Kazlou, a member of the Coordination Council of the Belarusian Opposition (KRBA) and leader of the opposition United Civil Party (AHP), was also jailed for 15 days at Akrestsina around the same time, having been snatched off the streets of Minsk on March 22. He also described being subjected to bleach or chlorine.

    “They poured in two buckets of highly concentrated chlorine,” Kazlou told Current Time. “So high, that after about half a minute everyone’s eyes began to tear, their noses began to run, they started coughing, retching. Some turned blue because the concentration was too high.”

    Officials of the Lukashenka government denied the bleach claims.

    Illegal Socks?

    Meanwhile, reports appear on a near-daily basis of Belarusians being detained or fined for merely displaying anything with the colors red and white, which are associated with the opposition and the first republic flag.

    Natalia Sivtsova-Syadushkina had the red-and-white banners hanging from her Minsk apartment balcony ripped down by Belarusian security officers on March 24. She was charged with “illegal picketing” and fined 2,030 rubles ($794).

    The next day, Freedom Day, she was stopped on the street and fined 2,320 rubles ($900) for wearing “socks of the wrong color” — red and white.

    “Now I owe 4,350 rubles,” Svitsova-Syadushkina told RFE/RL.
    “I don’t have that kind of money to pay the fines, even though I work.”

    According to Vyasna, more than 300 people were detained in April and at least 98 people were sentenced the same month on what it described as politically motivated charges, notably for the use of red-white symbols.

    Coup Plot?

    On April 17, Lukashenka made bizarre claims that an assassination attempt was being prepared against him and his two sons, as well as a military coup, to be carried out by a “group of foreign security services, probably the CIA and the FBI” and approved “by the top political leadership” in the United States. Washington quickly denied what it called the “absurd” claims.

    The same day, Russian security services reported they had detained two people in Moscow for allegedly planning a military coup in Belarus. Yuras Zyankovich, a Belarusian-born lawyer who also holds U.S. citizenship, and Alyaksandr Fyaduta, who served as Lukashenka’s spokesman in the 1990s, were extradited to Belarus.

    The claims came days before Lukashenka traveled to Moscow for talks with Russian President Vladimir Putin, whom Lukashenka has leaned on amid growing international isolation for his regime’s crackdown.

    A protest against the actions of Belarusian strongman Alyaksandr Lukashenka in Kyiv (file photo)


    A protest against the actions of Belarusian strongman Alyaksandr Lukashenka in Kyiv (file photo)

    Moscow probably had a hand in the concocted plot, argued Klysinski, allowing Russian President Vladimir Putin — who was facing growing international criticism at that time over a troop buildup around Ukraine, as well as over the treatment of imprisoned opposition leader Aleksei Navalny — to cast himself as a bulwark against the perfidious West.

    “Moscow exploits this plot because it needs to fuel anti-Western — mainly anti-American — propaganda and they are doing this quite intensively. At the same time, the Kremlin can show itself in the role of defenders of [the] post-Soviet area, of [the] independence of smaller and weaker republics,” Klysinski said.

    [Lukashenka] simply keeps going back to the same familiar bag of tricks, especially when he feels he is getting the upper hand.”

    Putin reaffirmed Lukashenka’s claims during an address to parliament on April 21 and accused the West of pretending that “nothing is happening.”

    For Lukashenka, accusing foreign forces — even Russia, as before the disputed presidential election — of plotting his downfall is nothing new, explained Kenneth Yalowith, a fellow at the Wilson Center in Washington who served as U.S. ambassador to Belarus in the 1990s.

    “When I was there, he accused me on national TV of leading a NATO ambassadors plot against him. He simply keeps going back to the same familiar bag of tricks, especially when he feels he is getting the upper hand,” Yalowitz told RFE/RL in e-mailed comments.

    Like the supposedly foreign-inspired unrest that Belarus warned about before the opposition’s Freedom Day marches, the latest coup plot was ostensibly timed for the May 9 celebrations of the end of World War II in Europe, another time when the opposition has been calling on backers to take to the streets again.

    After Belarusian state broadcaster ONT on April 25 aired a program on the alleged conspirators, Mikalay Karpyankou, a deputy interior minister in charge of the ministry’s troops, said the regime opponents were “mad dogs.”

    According to Karpyankou — no stranger to brutal threats and actions — opponents of the government have “crossed a line” with their “plans and actions,” putting them in league with “international terrorists.”

    “This means that the fight against them will be fought as the Israeli forces fight their terrorists. The fight against them will be carried out in the same way as the ‘most humane’ state fought against Osama bin Laden and his followers,” Karyankou said, referring apparently to the United States,in comments reported on April 29.

    Lukashenka, for now at least, may have won the battle on the streets, but Rudnik notes he may be running out of time, albeit perhaps slowly.

    “Economic crisis, pressure from the democratic world, less support from the former electorate, and a lot more — these are the factors of instability for Lukashenka today,” Rudnik said. “Forecasting whether he finds means to overcome these pressures, economic crises, and lack of trust is difficult. But I would lean toward two or three years more with Lukashenka, quite a short term in a 27-year perspective.”

    Written by RFE/RL senior correspondent Tony Wesolowsky with reporting by Current Time and RFE/RL’s Belarus Service.

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.

  • NUR-SULTAN — The fact that it hasn’t completed its clinical trials hasn’t stopped thousands of Kazakh citizens from getting their first shot of the domestically developed coronavirus vaccine QazVac.

    The two-dose vaccine is still in its third stage of studies, which are expected to be completed in July. But QazVac’s developers — the state-backed Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems — insists the vaccine is safe and effective.

    The institute claims QazVac has shown a 96 percent efficacy against the virus during second-phase testing.

    No serious side effects have been reported among the vaccine recipients since the QazVac rollout began on April 26. The Health Ministry says 50,000 doses of QazVac have been distributed across the Central Asian country of nearly 19 million people.

    I’d support vaccination with QazVac once I see enough published data [that backs the developers’ claims].”

    But some independent experts have expressed skepticism due to what they describe as insufficient testing information, as well as the relatively small number of participants in QazVac testing thus far.

    By the QazVac developers’ own admission, some 3,000 people took part in the trials that began in September. For comparison, the study for the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine involved more than 43,000 participants.

    Lesbek Kutymbetov, a QazVac developer, said the team is “fully confident that the vaccine is harmless.” He added that the research institute has been involved in vaccine production for decades.

    QazVac was developed using the traditional method of taking a dead virus to spur an immune response from the body, Kutymbetov explained. After testing the vaccine on animals, Kutymbetov was the first person to get a QazVac jab in its early trials.

    According to the QazVac manufacturer, it doesn’t need to be stored in freezers like the prominently used Pfizer and Moderna vaccines. QazVac can be kept in regular refrigerators.

    Like the other coronavirus vaccines, it’s not yet clear how long QazVac will give immunity from the coronavirus to someone. Early research showed “antibodies lasted about half-a-year and then their numbers decreased in the seventh month,” Kutymbetov said.

    ‘No Time To Write Articles’

    QazVaq developers haven’t published much information about their research on the vaccine, with Kutymbetov saying that they “don’t have time…to write articles.”

    Asel Musabekova, a French-based expert on cellular and molecular biology, said a lack of information makes it impossible to assess the vaccine’s safety and efficacy.

    “They could at least publish the results of the first and second phases of the clinical trials,” she said. “I’d support vaccination with QazVac once I see enough published data [that backs the developers’ claims].”

    Asel Musabekova, a French-based expert on cellular and molecular biology, wants to see more published data about the QazVac vaccine.


    Asel Musabekova, a French-based expert on cellular and molecular biology, wants to see more published data about the QazVac vaccine.

    Musabekova also said QazVac developers should have recruited a much larger pool of participants during the trials.

    “Rare side effects can only be seen in large-scale clinical trials involving tens of thousands of people,” the Kazakh-born expert explained.

    Limited Choice

    The lack of information, however, hasn’t dampened the mood among many Kazakhs who stood in line to get injections across the country.

    Aigul Nurlybekova, a 27-year-old resident of the capital, Nur-Sultan, received her first QazVac shot on April 28. The second dose should be taken three weeks later.

    “I contracted coronavirus last summer. Six months later, when I heard about QazVac, I decided to get inoculated with it,” Nurlybekova said, adding that she trusts the domestically made vaccine.

    People wait their turn before entering a vaccination center located at a shopping mall in Almaty. More than 1 million people in Kazakhstan -- about 5.7 percent of the population -- have received at least one dose of a coronavirus vaccine.


    People wait their turn before entering a vaccination center located at a shopping mall in Almaty. More than 1 million people in Kazakhstan — about 5.7 percent of the population — have received at least one dose of a coronavirus vaccine.

    Five days since getting the injection, Nurlybekova said she hasn’t experienced any major side effects.

    Almaty resident Ardak Bukeeva did her homework before opting for QazVac over the Russian-made Sputnik V, a second vaccine option that is offered in Kazakhstan.

    A journalist by profession, Bukeeva visited the research institute in February and spoke with the QazVac team to inquire about the vaccine they were developing.

    Bukeeva told RFE/RL that at the end it was the institute’s “years of expertise” as well as the tried-and-tested vaccine ingredient — “the fully neutralized virus” — that convinced her to choose QazVac for herself and her family. She received her first dose on April 27.

    “I hope it will be effective against the various coronavirus strains that we hear about every day, in India and elsewhere,” Bukeeva said.

    Both women say many of their friends and acquaintances who have received QazVac injections haven’t had any serious side effects and are content with the vaccine.

    But some Kazakhs took to social media to share their reservations about the sparse information on QazVac.

    “Where are the research results? Where is the evaluation by foreign scientists? Not much is known about the components of the vaccine — there is almost no data,” Nur-Sultan resident Viktoria Murzintseva wrote on Facebook.

    “I can’t even find decent domestically produced underwear anywhere, [let alone a coronavirus vaccine],” wrote a more skeptical Nur-Sultan resident, Aigul Fort.


    So far, more than 1 million people in the Central Asian country — about 5.7 percent of the population — have received at least one dose of a coronavirus vaccine, mostly Sputnik V.

    The resource-rich nation has also placed an order with Beijing for a million doses of the Chinese-made Sinopharm vaccine.

    Some Kazakhs say they’re patiently waiting until more is known about the coronavirus vaccines in general before deciding whether to get one or not.

    “I will wait. I’m in no hurry,” wrote Kazakh social-media user Zhanargul Omarova. “I will continue to wear a mask, wash my hands. I’m not going to weddings or parties and I have no plans to travel abroad anytime soon.”

    There has been an official total of some 332,000 cases of the coronavirus in Kazakhstan, with 3,796 deaths as of May 5. Many observers and media outlets say those figures are grossly underreported due to government officials trying to hide the actual numbers.

    Written by Farangis Najibullah in Prague based on reporting by RFE/RL’s Kazakh Service

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.

  • Despite a lack of material evidence, and no established intention of harm, a trio of Russian 14-year-olds are facing lengthy prison sentences after being charged with “training for terrorist activities” in a case that initially alleged the schoolboys were planning to destroy a virtual Federal Security Services (FSB) building they created in the popular computer game Minecraft.

    The case, which has attracted widespread attention due to the age of the accused and the notion that child’s play could constitute terrorism, appears to have entered a sort of legal Nether — Minecraft’s hell-like alternate dimension.

    Russia’s Investigative Committee earlier this year dismissed the original case opened in November against schoolmates Nikita Uvarov, Denis Mikhailenko, and Bogdan Andreyev after determining that their relationship did not have the necessary structure, subdivisions, or distribution of functions “to regard this group as a terrorist community.”

    And the remaining charges against them under Article 205.3 of the Russian Criminal Code — “training for the purpose of carrying out terrorist activities” — no longer cite their alleged plans to “blow up” an “FSB building” in Minecraft as evidence they had established an online terrorist network.

    But the pupils at School No. 21 in the Krasnoyarsk Krai city of Kansk are not in safe mode by any means: The three still face from seven to 10 years in prison on charges that stem from their detention nearly a year ago for pasting leaflets supporting a jailed anarchist on the local FSB department building.

    A screenshot from Minecraft, the computer game in which the teenagers were purportedly "training for terrorist activities."


    A screenshot from Minecraft, the computer game in which the teenagers were purportedly “training for terrorist activities.”

    Following their arrest in June after two days of interrogation, investigators determined that the boys had constructed at least one Molotov cocktail and set it alight in Kansk in March 2020. The following May, prosecutors allege, the three used another Molotov cocktail to set fire to an abandoned building.

    And at some point between late May and early June they allegedly produced and detonated an “Ammokisa” explosive, for which investigators did not provide a gauge of strength but which was reportedly a crude and weak device using antiseptic tablets.

    To buttress the argument that the three were engaged in dangerous activities, investigators have reportedly homed in on communication shared between the three on Telegram and VKontakte in which they discussed the American rock musician Kurt Cobain and his “fierce revolutionary struggle,” the “Yellow Vests” movement in France and anti-government protests in Belarus, and the tsarist-era Russian anarchist Pyotr Kropotkin.

    ‘Rude’ Boys

    The three schoolboys have been described by their parents and school officials as curious yet rebellious students with an interest in anarchy.

    “They were normal children, like usual, like other kids,” school director Sergei Kreminsky told Current Time in September, three months after they were arrested after pasting leaflets supporting jailed university student Azat Miftakhov on the building of the local FSB department. “In the case of some of their parents there was insufficient control. They were rude, snapped sometimes at school.”

    That the three were facing serious charges, the school director and current City Council deputy representing the pro-Kremlin United Russia party said: “Well, since the investigation is under way, it means they are guilty, I think. What else?”

    The boys did not hide their interest in chemistry from their parents, and Svetlana Mikhailenko, Denis’s mother, told Current Time recently that she was aware of their pyrotechnic activities.

    “I always knew where the child was, even when they were making these bombs,” she said. “But it was a small, childish prank, a child’s bomb.”

    Photos displayed in Denis Mikhailenko's home, showing the teenager as a young boy.


    Photos displayed in Denis Mikhailenko’s home, showing the teenager as a young boy.

    Svetlana Mikhailenko also told the Russian-language media network run by RFE/RL in cooperation with VOA that the investigators skewed the boys’ testimony, replacing their description of the devices as “bombochki” — little bombs — with “bombs,” and focusing on the amount of material required to make them.

    Anna Uvarova, Nikita’s mother, spoke to Current Time following an April 16 court hearing. She said in the family’s apartment that following her son’s detention in June, investigators searched her home from 9 p.m. until 5 a.m., seizing but eventually returning a toy musket that she shows to the cameras.

    But after they realized that a case was being built against the three boys, “we looked at what was in their phones” and saw that they had recorded a video of them throwing a Molotov cocktail.

    ‘Evidence’ Working Against Them

    The case against the three boys contains no material evidence — no caches of explosives, no weapons. And while Vladimir Vasin, a lawyer for the Russian legal-defense organization Agora who is representing Uvarov, cited a previous case in which an activist in Russia was imprisoned for 10 years for throwing a Molotov cocktail in a public case, in this case there was no harm, and no intention of harm.

    “The guys were really cooking something up with chemicals and were playing with something,” Vasin said. “But they went far into a field, to a deserted place, and did it there.”

    Russian lawyer.Vladimir Vasin


    Russian lawyer.Vladimir Vasin

    “One was very fond of history, the other loved chemistry,” he said of the boys. “And as I know my client, he had no thoughts of doing anything” more.

    Unfortunately, Vasin said, to Russian prosecutors “the go-to recipe is a confession — the queen of evidence.”

    Mikhailenko and Andreyev each provided confessions of guilt — while facing a mix of “pressure, threats, and promises,” according to the news site Baza — to “undergoing training in order to carry out terrorist activities” following the initial interrogations into their pasting leaflets on the FSB building.

    The two have since retracted their confessions and Mikhailenko’s mother, in comments to Current time, said that investigators tricked the parents into implicating their own children.

    Uvarov refused to confess — a decision the teens’ parents believe led the FSB to accuse him of being the leader of a group they say never existed, and of sending him immediately to pretrial detention, where he has remained for 11 months.

    Close Comparisons

    The case has drawn comparisons to other cases in which young people in Russia with views not in step with the official line have been accused of extremism and sentenced to lengthy prison sentences.

    Miftakhov, the avowed anarchist and graduate student at Moscow State University for whom the three teens were expressing support in their leaflets, stands as a prominent example.

    In January, the 25-year-old was sentenced to six years in prison for aggravated “hooliganism” after being found guilty of involvement in an arson attack against the ruling United Russia party’s office in Moscow in 2018.

    The Russian human rights organization Memorial has said that his body showed signs of torture that Miftakhov, who denies the charges against him, said were the result of investigators’ attempts to force a confession.

    In late 2020, eight young men and women were found guilty of charges that they had created an extremist group called New Greatness with the intention of overthrowing President Vladimir Putin’s government. The eight received punishments ranging from four-year suspended sentences to seven years’ imprisonment after an FSB agent infiltrated their chat group and suggested they turn it into a political movement.

    Another alleged member received an 18-month prison sentence in 2019 after cutting a deal with investigators, and yet another left the country and applied for asylum in Ukraine. All 10 are considered by Memorial to be political prisoners.

    Also in 2020, a regional court’s decision in Penza was described as “heinous” after seven activists belonging to a group called Set — or the Network — were sentenced to prison terms of six to 18 years after being found guilty of planning terrorist attacks to destabilize Russia’s presidential election and hosting of the World Cup in 2018.

    The defendants all said the group never existed, and that while they shared anti-fascist views they merely played BB-gun war games together. Several of the young men said they were subjected to torture in order to extract their confessions.

    Human rights groups believe the case was fabricated by the state as a signal to others who express political views that run counter to the government.

    Date With Destiny

    Today, Nikita Uvarov, Denis Mikhailenko, and Bogdan Andreyev sit in pretrial detention awaiting their own trial, for which a date has yet to be set.

    Uvarov’s lawyer Vasin, speaking while riding on a train to see his client, falls short of saying the entire case was fabricated, but does note that there have been three cases accusing adolescents of terrorism in Krasnoyarsk Krai in the last year alone.

    He said he struggles to imagine how such situations involving youths play out.

    “My colleagues and I were discussing how it could have been done — invite the police to the children’s room, I don’t know, to summon the director of the school to for a meeting” to try to talk and sort things out,” Vasin said. “But instead, boom! — immediately to interrogation. Two days of interrogation. A third interrogation. Endless interrogations.”

    Ten years ago, he said, the matter might have been settled by a spanking with a belt, but “now everything is different. And it will get worse.”

    Written by RFE/RL senior correspondent Michael Scollon based on reporting in Krasnoyarsk Krai by Current Time correspondents Aleksei Aleksandrov and Kirill Ralev

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.

  • As President Vladimir Putin’s government intensifies its crackdown on all forms of dissent, many Russians who oppose him have found inspiration in the closing remarks Moscow State University student Olga Misik made last week at her trial.

    Writer Nikolai Kononov posted on Twitter that the speech Misik made in court on April 29 “will end up in school textbooks.”

    St. Petersburg artist Yuly Rybakov shared Misik’s remarks in full on Facebook and wrote: “With such children, Russia does have a future!”

    The student’s defiant speech joins the ranks of the impassioned courtroom addresses of dissidents that have characterized the two decades of Putin’s rule and go back at least as far as the Soviet era.

    Misik and two other young defendants, Ivan Vorobyevsky and Igor Basharimov, are charged with vandalizing government buildings. In a gesture of support for those they consider political prisoners, they hung banners on a railing outside a Moscow district court on August 8, 2020, and then splattered red paint on a security booth outside the Prosecutor-General’s Office building. Prosecutors claim they caused 3,500 rubles ($47) in damages.

    Defense attorneys say that the documents provided by prosecutors concerning the alleged damages were falsified and that no harm was caused by the water-soluble paint.

    Under the charges, they could face up to three years in prison when Moscow’s Tverskoi District Court delivers its decision on May 11. Prosecutors, however, have asked for two years of “restricted liberty” for Misik and one year and 10 months for the other defendants, according to the independent OVD-Info monitoring agency. During the trial, the defendants have been under a limited form of house arrest, unable to leave home between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m., to approach within 10 meters of government buildings, to attend public events, or to use means of communication.

    Misik, who turned 19 in January, has long been actively involved in protests against Putin’s government. She attracted national attention in August 2019 during a protest against the government’s decision to disqualify virtually all the opposition candidates running for seats on the Moscow City Duma.

    Misik protested by reading the Russian Constitution out loud to a heavily armed phalanx of riot police in body armor – an act that for many distilled the relationship between the Russian state and the people in recent years.

    Olga Misik reads the Russian Constitution in front of a phalanx of riot police at a protest in Moscow in July 2019.


    Olga Misik reads the Russian Constitution in front of a phalanx of riot police at a protest in Moscow in July 2019.

    In October 2019, she was detained on Red Square while conducting a one-person picket by holding up a large piece of blank paper.

    In February 2020, she was detained in Penza while organizing a demonstration of support for the accused in the so-called Network (“Set”) case, which activists say was fabricated by the security forces.

    In her closing speech to the court in the vandalism case, Misik insisted that she had never been afraid during her years of activism.

    “I am often asked if I am afraid,” she told the court. “More often by people from abroad than those in Russia because they don’t know the specifics of our lives…. They don’t know the feeling of hopelessness that we take in with our mother’s milk. And that very feeling of hopelessness atrophies all signs of fear and infects us with a learned helplessness. What is the point of being afraid if your future does not depend on you.”

    “I was never afraid,” she said. “I felt despair, helplessness, hopelessness, confusion, anxiety, despair, anger, but neither politics nor activism every infected me with the feeling of fear.”

    ‘Sad And Sickened But Not Scared’

    Misik said she was not afraid when police came to arrest her in the middle of the night and threatened her with prison.

    “I joked and laughed because I knew that as soon as I stopped smiling, I had lost,” she told the court.

    She added that she was not afraid when the police van drove her away or when she remembered her father, whom she saw cry for the first time in her life.

    “I was sad and sickened, but not scared,” she said.

    Misik added, though, that she began to be afraid and to experience panic only after she found herself under modified house arrest.

    “And now it seems to me that all the fear that has accumulated in me over the last nine months is concentrated here and now in my final speech, because public speaking is more frightening to me than the prospect of being sentenced,” Misik said.

    “Someone once said that you can’t be afraid if you know that you are right,” she continued. “But Russia teaches us to be afraid all the time. It is a country that is trying to kill you every day. And if you are not part of the system, you are already as good as dead.”

    She said that in her support of those unjustly imprisoned, she thought about her future children.

    “When my children ask me what I was when all this happened, when they ask how I could allow this to happen and what did I do to fix it, I won’t have anything to tell them,” she said. “What can I say? That I held a picket outside the FSB? That is laughable.”

    And then she asked Judge Aleksei Stekliyev: “And what about your children? When they ask you where you were when this happened, how will you answer them? That you handed down the guilty verdicts?”

    She stated that she did not regret participating in the vandalism protest.

    “If I could go back in time, I’d do it again,” she said. “Even if the death penalty threatened me, I’d do it again. And I’d do it again and again and again…. They say that repeating the same thing over and over and expecting a different result is madness. Then hope is madness. And ceasing to do what you consider right because everyone around you thinks it is hopeless is surrendering to helplessness. I would rather look insane to your eyes than helpless to mine.”

    ‘We Will Win’

    She closed her speech with a reference to Sophie Scholl, a Munich university student who together with her brother, Hans, was executed by guillotine in 1943 for her resistance to the regime of Nazi dictator Adolf Hitler.

    “She was condemned for leaflets and graffiti, while I have been tried for posters and paint,” Misik said. “Essentially, we were both persecuted for thought crimes. My trial has been very similar to Sophie’s trial and today’s Russia is very similar to fascist Germany. Even facing the guillotine, Sophie did not abandon her convictions and her example has inspired me not to seek a deal. Sophie Scholl is the embodiment of youth, sincerity, and liberty. And I really hope that I am in this way like her.”

    “The fascist regime collapsed in the end, just as the fascist regime in Russia will fall,” she said. “I don’t know when this will happen – a week, a year, a decade. But I know that we will win because love and youth always win.”

    Olga Misik at a Moscow protest in 2019.


    Olga Misik at a Moscow protest in 2019.

    The transcript of Misik’s speech has been shared widely on social media, and more than 45,000 people have signed an online petition calling for her release.

    Andrei Chvanov, from Tatarstan, wrote on Facebook: “I just read her final speech. And you know what? I felt ashamed. Because my threshold of fear is much lower…. She holds strong, jokes, writes, and is 100 percent sure that she is right. And she is right. She sees the truth. And she is not afraid. Not many people in our country have such a gift.”

    Another Facebook user urged people to “help Olga Misik, if only because her closing statement is the strongest closing statement of all those I have read.”

    “It is a very powerful statement,” another user wrote on Facebook. “It will force the judges and prosecutors to think about what Russia will be like tomorrow. To see that there are inalienable human rights.”

    RFE/RL’s Russian Service contributed to this report

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.

  • Welcome back to the China In Eurasia briefing, an RFFE/RL newsletter tracking China’s resurgent influence from Eastern Europe to Central Asia.

    Big news! The China In Eurasia newsletter will now be going out twice a month. Expect to see it in your inbox on the first and third Wednesdays of each month. I’m RFE/RL correspondent Reid Standish and here’s what I’m following right now.

    China Takes Center Stage In Europe

    Debt problems and transparency concerns pushed Beijing’s projects across Europe into the spotlight this month. A controversial Beijing-financed highway project in Montenegro and a $1.5 billion loan to build a Chinese university in Hungary have rung alarm bells in Brussels as both ventures pointed to growing influence within the European Union and on its doorstep.

    Finding Perspective: Hungary signed a deal with Shanghai’s prestigious Fudan University in late April that would open a campus in Budapest by 2024.

    Leaked documents show that the campus will cost $1.8 billion and that the Hungarian government will take out a $1.5 Chinese loan to cover the majority of the cost.

    The plans are controversial for a host of reasons, as I reported this week with my colleague Akos Keller-Alant from RFE/RL’s Hungarian Service.

    Opposition politicians in Hungary raised concerns over potential debt problems and that Hungarian taxpayers are footing the bill for a private Chinese university, pointing out that the proposed project will cost more than what the government spends annually on higher education across the entire country.

    Many details around the project and the Chinese loan are also hidden, which Budapest Mayor Gergely Karacsony told us is one of the reasons why he’s trying to block the campus from being built.

    Meanwhile, Montenegro asked the EU in April for help in paying back its $1 billion debt to China for a still-to-be-completed highway to Serbia, which I explored in an article with Asja Hafner, Gjeraqina Tuhina, and Slavica Brajovic from RFE/RL’s Balkan Service.

    The EU rebuffed those calls to help pay off the loan, which was signed by the previous government, leaving the cash-strapped Balkan country in a precarious situation as its first debt payments are due this summer.

    Why It Matters: Both cases point to rising concern in Brussels (and Washington) over Chinese lending practices and debts, which could open the door to further political and economic influence by Beijing.

    But the examples also highlight the role that Chinese cash occupies in domestic politics.

    In Hungary, China is a useful card for Prime Minister Viktor Orban to play in his standoff with the EU. His strong relationship with Beijing has also given him cover as the country’s democratic institutions have eroded under his watch.

    Read More

    • My colleague Predrag Tomovic from RFE/RL’s Balkan Service looked at details of the contract that Montenegro signed with the Export-Import Bank of China, focusing on the clause that could allow the bank to seize assets if the government can’t meet its debt payments.
    • For added context on what’s motivating ties between Beijing and Budapest, this quote from my interview with Tamas Matura, an assistant professor at Corvinus University in Budapest, is illuminating: “None of these ideas are coming from China. They are coming from the Hungarian side, but, of course, Beijing is happy to go along with them.”
    • RFE/RL’s Hungarian Service spoke with local expert Gyorgy Tilesch about security concerns over Budapest hosting Fudan University, which has known ties to China’s intelligence services.

    Expert Corner: Just How Close Are Beijing And Moscow?

    Readers asked: “Is Europe becoming the new dividing line between China and the United States?”

    “Europe sees itself as a moderating force in the escalating competition between the United States and China. For economic and political reasons, it is pushing back against the notion of a zero-sum world and refusing to choose sides. Walking this geopolitical tightrope will be increasingly challenging. China may welcome a nonaligned Europe, but U.S. politicians will find it very difficult to swallow.” — Noah Barkin, author of the German Marshall Fund’s Watching China In Europe newsletter and managing editor with Rhodium Group’s China practice

    Do you have a question about China’s growing footprint in Eurasia? Send it to me at StandishR@rferl.org and I’ll get it answered by leading experts and policymakers.

    Three More Stories From Eurasia

    1. Playing The Long Game

    Beijing is preparing for fallout from U.S. President Joe Biden’s decision to withdraw American troops from Afghanistan, where China is looking to wield more influence but is cautious about getting too involved in the country’s chaos.

    Evolving Interests: China shares a 76-kilometer border with Afghanistan and has preferred a low-key approach toward its unstable neighbor, but that’s slowly changing, which I wrote about with my colleague Ajmal Aand from RFE/RL’s Radio Free Afghanistan.

    Beijing’s main concern is about Afghanistan becoming a haven for Uyghur radicals and other fundamentalists angered by Beijing’s repressive policies toward ethnic Muslim minorities in Xinjiang to launch a cross-border insurgency.

    China has also been lured by Afghanistan’s mineral riches, with Chinese companies announcing investments worth billions of dollars in copper mining and oil exploration, although ongoing instability has left those ventures on hold.

    Reality Check: China will look to ramp up its diplomatic efforts and protect its interests, but the country has no desire to fill the vacuum left by the United States in Afghanistan.

    2. Xinjiang Continues To Ripple Across Eurasia

    The fallout from China’s ongoing internment of Uyghurs, Kazakhs, and other Muslim minorities in its western Xinjiang region continues to reverberate across Central Asia and beyond.

    The Local: As RFE/RL’s Kazakh Service reported, three ethnic Kazakhs who claimed asylum in Kazakhstan after crossing the border illegally from Xinjiang are asking the government for permission to leave the country.

    Despite receiving temporary asylum, none of the three people are able to work legally in the country and have no path to citizenship or permanent residency under Kazakh law. In the face of these difficulties, they’re pushing the Kazakh government to allow them to leave for a third country.

    Meanwhile, Raqyzhan Zeinolla, a 58-year old naturalized Kazakh citizen, was released in April after being imprisoned in China for 17 years. Zeinolla was arrested in 2004 during a visit to Xinjiang and accused of being a spy, where he then did stints in prison and a so-called “reeducation camp.”

    The Global: The watchdog group Human Rights Watch declared in April that the Chinese government is committing crimes against humanity against Uyghurs and other groups in Xinjiang.

    The Rand Corporation also released a new study where the authors examined satellite photos of Xinjiang to show the massive expansion of detention facilities in the area.

    3. Deciphering The Belt And Road

    China is the world’s largest official creditor, but many of the basic facts around Beijing’s foreign lending are still unknown.

    In the hopes of pulling the curtain back on these practices, I interviewed Scott Morris, one of the authors of a recent study by the Center for Global Development that did a first-of-its-kind analysis of 100 Chinese contracts across 24 developing countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, and Latin America.

    Main Takeaways: The study finds that Chinese contracts have a host of unique features that are unusual even for the murky world of international lending.

    A strong reliance on secrecy is common among Chinese contracts, while many deals contain clauses that prevent collective-debt restructuring and allow Beijing to cancel debt or accelerate repayments, which Morris says could potentially influence the policies of debtor countries.

    Despite the restrictive nature of the deals, Morris pushes back on so-called “debt-trap diplomacy,” the idea that Beijing is deliberately trying to get countries into debt in order to increase its influence over them.

    Instead, he says that after the analysis of the contracts, it’s clear that “Chinese entities are issuing loans with the full intention of getting their money back.”

    Across The Supercontinent

    It’s Chinatown: A Tajik city bulldozed 30 houses on a picturesque riverbank for a huge Chinese-funded project comprising 1,200 apartment units, a school, car park, and various stores.

    My colleague Farangis Najibullah looked at how, six years later, 300 evicted people are still waiting for promised housing.

    Front Of The Line: RFE/RL’s Ukrainian Service is investigating how Chinese citizens living in Ukraine were vaccinated en masse against COVID-19, while the rest of the country’s rollout continues to move slowly.

    Sinopharm Arrives: North Macedonia’s struggling vaccination program got a boost with the arrival of 200,000 doses of China’s Sinopharm vaccine, RFE/RL’s Balkan Service reported.

    About 500,000 doses of Sinovac, another Chinese vaccine, are supposed to arrive later this month.

    Perception Gap: Despite being outspent by the EU, a majority of Serbs believe that China is the largest provider of aid to Serbia to combat the pandemic — although Iva Martinovic from RFE/RL’s Balkan Service reports that this is changing.

    According to a recent study, 56.4 percent of Serbs believe China is the top donor, a drop from 75 percent who thought so in the early stages of the pandemic last year.

    One Thing To Watch This Month

    How to counter challenges posed by China was an early focus from the May 4 meeting of G7 ministers in London. Western officials say they are not looking to contain China, but rather compete with it.

    Ahead of the planned G7 summit next month, expect discussions to pick up around Western alternatives to China’s Belt and Road Initiative. The United States, the European Union, Japan, and India are already discussing forming alternatives to Beijing’s infrastructure project and Biden has reportedly asked for it to be included on the summit’s agenda.

    That’s all from me for now. Don’t forget to send me any questions, comments, or tips that you might have.

    If you enjoyed this briefing and don’t want to miss the next edition, subscribe here. It will be sent to your in-box on the first and third Wednesdays of each month.

    This post was originally published on Radio Free.