On 4 September 2025, the United States Department of the Treasury’s Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) announced sanctions against three of the most prominent Palestinian human rights organizations: Al Haq, Al Mezan Centre for Human Rights, and the Palestinian Centre for Human Rights (PCHR).
They were added to OFAC’s Specially Designated Nationals and Blocked Persons List, a significant economic tool that freezes all assets the groups may have within US jurisdiction and prohibits US persons and organisations from engaging with them financially or otherwise.
This move marks a harsh escalation in Washington’s campaign against Palestinian civil society actors who cooperate with international justice mechanisms, especially the International Criminal Court (ICC).
It also shows the US administration is not only complicit in Israel’s war crimes by providing weapons, but also by providing the political and legal cover for these practices.
An assault on human rights and global justice
Amnesty International told the Canary that:
The Trump administration’s decision to impose sanctions against these three human rights organisations is a ‘deeply troubling and shameful assault on human rights and the global pursuit of justice’, and starkly exposes his administration’s ‘deliberate efforts to dismantle the very foundation of international justice and shield Israel from accountability for its crimes.
Erika Guevara-Rosas is Amnesty International’s Senior Director for Research, Advocacy, Policy and Campaigns. She told us:
These organisations carry out vital and courageous work, meticulously documenting human rights violations under the most horrifying conditions. They have steadfastly continued to do so in the face of war, genocide, and the oppressive reality of Israel’s apartheid regime, as well as malicious attempts to discredit their findings and cripple their funding with spurious terrorism accusations. They are the voice of Palestinian victims, amplifying stories of human suffering and injustice that would otherwise remain unheard.
Their work is indispensable for achieving justice and accountability for decades of atrocities in the Occupied Palestinian Territory and Israel. This appalling move constitutes a brazen attack on the entire Palestinian human rights movement, and a callous attempt to fracture and weaken the whole global human rights community.
It seeks to deny victims of human rights violations and atrocity crimes any prospect for truth, justice and reparations. The international community stands at a critical juncture. The very institutions founded to safeguard human rights and uphold international law, including the International Criminal Court, are grappling with existential threats.
Amnesty International expresses its solidarity and support to these organisations and calls on the global human rights movement to push back against this despicable decision. States must unequivocally oppose this flagrant assault on Palestinian civil society organisations and the communities they represent, for the sake of our shared humanity and the future of human rights worldwide.
Sanctioned for seeking accountability for war crimes
The United States – together with Israel – has repeatedly rejected the jurisdiction and legitimacy of the ICC, arguing strongly against investigations targeting its nationals or allies, as both countries are not parties to the Rome Statute.
It has justified the sanctions by accusing these NGOs, which are based in Ramallah and Gaza, of being involved in the ICC investigations into Israeli war crimes in Gaza, which have issued arrest warrants, in 2024, for Netanyahu, and former Defense Minister Yoav Gallant over their conduct in the genocide in Gaza, saying that each bears criminal responsibility for the war crime of starvation as a method of warfare, and the crimes against humanity of murder, persecution, and other inhumane acts.
The ICC also found reasonable grounds to believe both Netanyahu and Gallant bear criminal responsibility for the war crime of intentionally directing an attack against the civilian population.
Executive Order 14203, signed in February 2025, allows authorization of these sanctions blocking assets and visa restrictions on those supporting ICC investigations against US or allied nationals – such as Israel – without their consent, and enables the targeting of not only ICC officials but also those who ‘support or facilitate’ ICC activities deemed detrimental to US foreign policy, largely in response to the ICC arrest warrants for Netanyahu and Gallant.
Al Haq, Al Mezan, and Palestinian Centre for Human Rights are not the only ones
This has allowed Trump, since February, to sanction the International Criminal Court (ICC), ICC Chief Prosecutor Karim Khan, and four ICC personnel involved in investigations or arrest warrants targeting US or Israeli nationals: Judges Kimberly Prost (Canada), Nicolas Guillou (France), and prosecutors Nazhat Shameem Khan (Fiji) and Mame Mandiaye Niang (Senegal).
The designation of Al Haq, Al Mezan, and PCHR reflects a new level of pressure, expanding beyond ICC judges and prosecutors to civil society organizations.
According to OFAC’s own announcement, these Palestinian rights groups were designated for their ‘direct engagement with and support for the ICC to investigate, arrest, detain, or prosecute nationals of the United States or Israel without the consent of those governments’. This implies that their activities—ranging from expert legal advocacy, submission of evidence, and cooperation with international investigations—constitute ‘material support’ to what the US regards as illegitimate international judicial proceedings.
Al Haq, established in 1979 in Ramallah, in the occupied West Bank, has gained international recognition for its work on monitoring human rights atrocities under occupation.
Al Mezan likewise, founded in Gaza in 1999, has produced detailed reports documenting abuses and human rights violations. PCHR, founded in 1995, has provided legal assistance, documentation, and coordinated with international human rights and legal bodies.
Together, these organizations have been instrumental in advocating for accountability, participating actively in ICC communications, and working to bring purported breaches of international law before global judicial forums.
Sanctions: ‘cowardly, immoral, illegal and undemocratic’
The applied sanctions restrict all financial and operational capabilities connected to these bodies within the reach of US law. Assets held or controlled in the US are immediately frozen, and US citizens and companies are barred from providing any goods, services, or financial support without explicit exemption by OFAC.
Although these are US sanctions, their extraterritorial effects are often robust because the global financial system is heavily interlinked with US regulatory frameworks. Many international banks, donors, and funding agencies comply with OFAC to avoid secondary sanctions, resulting in an effective global embargo for the organisations on essential funding and partnership mechanisms.
The ICC described the sanctions as intimidation tactics designed to undermine international justice. In a joint statement, the three NGOs condemned the sanctions as ‘cowardly, immoral, illegal, and undemocratic’, asserting that the designations aim to silence those documenting oppression and abuses against Palestinians.
The statement said:
These measures in times of live genocide against our People, is a cowardly, immoral, illegal and undemocratic act..Only states with complete disregard to international law and our shared humanity can take such heinous measures against human rights organisations working to end a genocide.
US Secretary of State Marco Rubio argues that the sanctions are necessary to preserve US sovereignty and safeguard troops and allies, notably Israel, from what they see as an ‘illegitimate’ and politically motivated judicial overreach. Washington maintains that international courts, including the ICC, must not be allowed to assert authority over non-member states’ personnel without explicit consent – a position underpinned legally by Executive Order 14203.
The US will undermine international humanitarian law and accountability for the occupations many human rights abuses
The sanctions against these three Palestinian NGOs come three months after the US sanctioned Addameer – a Palestinian prisoner support organisation – amid a broader US crackdown targeting entities and persons alleged to support what the US and Israel deem terrorist organisations. The US has also sanctioned UN Special Rapporteur on Human Rights in the Occupied Palestinian Territory, Francesca Albanese, because of their efforts to advocate for accountability for crimes committed against Palestinians.
At the same time, the US government announced that it has lifted sanctions previously imposed on Israeli settler groups accused of perpetrating violence in the West Bank, further solidifying the US-Israel alliance and highlighting the starkly divergent approaches to groups on opposing sides of the conflict.
For the affected Palestinian NGOs, these sanctions jeopardize decades of painstaking work.
Their documentation of human rights abuses underpins numerous UN inquiries, international legal processes, and advocacy campaigns. Their fieldwork frequently exposes violations of international humanitarian law, providing critical evidence and testimonies that otherwise might remain unrecorded.
As Israel’s genocide continues in Gaza, and the occupation’s violence and land theft continue at an unprecedented rate in the West Bank, the elimination or severe curtailment of these NGOs’ ability to operate risks creating a vacuum in accountability and humanitarian response precisely when it is most needed.
The OFAC sanctions against Al Haq, Al Mezan, and PCHR underscore an urgent and deepening rift across international justice, human rights, and geopolitics. While the United States frames these measures as defence of sovereignty and protection of its allies, the designations threaten to undermine vital instruments of accountability for grave human rights abuses.
Featured image via the Canary
By Charlie Jaay
This post was originally published on Canary.