{"id":258560,"date":"2021-07-30T21:06:06","date_gmt":"2021-07-30T21:06:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/theintercept.com\/?p=365303"},"modified":"2021-07-30T21:06:06","modified_gmt":"2021-07-30T21:06:06","slug":"guatemalan-communities-turn-out-for-indigenous-led-nationwide-shutdown","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/2021\/07\/30\/guatemalan-communities-turn-out-for-indigenous-led-nationwide-shutdown\/","title":{"rendered":"Guatemalan Communities Turn Out for Indigenous-Led Nationwide Shutdown"},"content":{"rendered":"

The highway was<\/u> still enveloped in fog as thousands gathered in Guatemala\u2019s western highlands Thursday morning. Paulina Gonz\u00e1lez was one of the first to arrive in Los Encuentros, a key juncture along the Pan-American Highway. The local Indigenous Maya Kaqchikel mobilization, which she and a few of her fellow Indigenous Maya Tz\u2019utujil ancestral authorities attended, was one of dozens of protests taking place across the country.<\/p>\n

\u201cPeople can\u2019t take it anymore,\u201d said Gonz\u00e1lez. \u201cWe have united today to shut things down all over.\u201d<\/p>\n

Last week, the ouster of a Guatemalan prosecutor leading embattled efforts against high-level corruption sparked an explosive new chapter in the country\u2019s long-simmering political crisis. The move provoked widespread condemnation, suspension of some U.S. aid, and protests. Heeding calls by Indigenous leaders for a \u201cparo nacional,\u201d or nationwide shutdown, on Thursday, communities and social movements marched, rallied, and blocked roads around the country to demand the president and attorney general resign.<\/p>\n

The tipping point came on July 23, when Attorney General Mar\u00eda Consuelo Porras fired<\/a> prosecutor Juan Francisco Sandoval, head of the Special Anti-Impunity Prosecutor\u2019s Bureau, or FECI by its Spanish acronym. In a somewhat ambiguous public statement<\/a> announcing Sandoval\u2019s termination, Porras\u2019s office referred to bias and disrespect. Sandoval responded with a press conference and laid out detailed allegations that Porras obstructed FECI\u2019s work in order to protect high-level officials, particularly those in the president\u2019s circle, from prosecution for corruption. Porras and President Alejandro Giammattei have both refuted the allegations.<\/p>\n

\u201cToday I am the latest in a string of prosecutors who have suffered consequences for seeking truth and justice,\u201d Sandoval said at his press conference<\/a> last Friday. \u201cHistory will judge us. The results are there.\u201d Fearing for his safety, he fled the country later that night.<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n

During his\u00a0three years at the helm of FECI, Sandoval took on presidents, legislators, judges, business leaders, and other powerful figures. FECI worked in tandem with the United Nations-backed International Commission Against Impunity in Guatemala, or CICIG, to identify, investigate, prosecute, and dismantle complex criminal networks entrenched in state institutions. In 2015, the two entities brought down sitting President Otto P\u00e9rez Molina and most of his administration for graft. Two years later, their investigations into then-President Jimmy Morales, who took office in 2016 and replaced P\u00e9rez Molina\u2019s interim successor, prompted fierce backlash from the Guatemalan government. Morales deemed CICIG commissioner Iv\u00e1n Vel\u00e1squez a threat to national security, barred him from the country, and opted not to renew CICIG\u2019s mandate. The commission shut down in 2019, and FECI took over CICIG\u2019s cases. Ever since, Sandoval has been the main target of animosity from current and potential subjects of corruption investigations.<\/p>\n

\u201cAs Indigenous authorities we are very concerned about corruption,\u201d said Lorenzo Castro, the city of Solol\u00e1\u2019s Indigenous mayor, in charge not of the official municipal government but of the area\u2019s autonomous traditional Indigenous governance system. Kaqchikel authorities in Solol\u00e1 have powerful convening capacity, as do autonomous K\u2019iche authorities in the neighboring department of Totonicap\u00e1n. Mobilizations along the Pan-American Highway in the two predominantly Indigenous regions were the largest actions in Guatemala on Thursday.<\/p>\n

First it was Iv\u00e1n Vel\u00e1squez and CICIG, and now it is Juan Francisco Sandoval, Castro told The Intercept at the protest in La Cuchilla, a village two miles from Los Encuentros at another key turn-off of the Pan-American Highway. Throughout the day, he and other Solol\u00e1 Indigenous authorities moved between the various protest points in their territory to monitor conditions and coordinate with community-level mayors. The removal of Sandoval was the removal of a remaining hope, they said. \u201cThe situation is critical,\u201d said Indigenous vice mayor Pedro V\u00e1squez.<\/p>\n

\u201cWho would not be angry? They took our last defender away,\u201d Tom\u00e1s Saloj, a former Indigenous mayor of Solol\u00e1, told The Intercept in La Cuchilla, where protesters were taking cover under plastic sheets, umbrellas, and trees as the rain picked up. \u201cWe need to understand the situation we are facing. Now there is nothing. And if we leave things as they are, if we ignore it, imagine what they could do. What would become of Guatemala?\u201d<\/p>\n

\n\"TONONICAPAN,\n

Protesters calling for the president to resign block traffic in the department of Totonicap\u00e1n, Guatemala, on July 29, 2021.<\/p>\n

\nPhoto: Luis Vargas\/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images<\/p><\/div>\n

Sandoval\u2019s ouster sparked not only national outrage but also international condemnation. The most concrete response to date has been that of the U.S. government, which announced the temporary suspension of cooperation with the Guatemalan Public Prosecutor\u2019s Office while it conducts a review. The removal of Sandoval \u201cfits a pattern of behavior that indicates a lack of commitment to the rule of law and independent judicial and prosecutorial processes,\u201d State Department deputy spokesperson Jalina Porter told reporters<\/a> at a press briefing Tuesday. \u201cAs a result, we have lost confidence in the attorney general and their decision \u2014 and intention to cooperate with the U.S. Government and fight corruption in good faith.\u201d<\/p>\n\n

\u201cI think the [Guatemalan] government is worried about what will happen,\u201d said Edie Cux, a lawyer and president of the Guatemalan anti-corruption group Acci\u00f3n Ciudadana, noting that on Thursday Porras and Giammattei both attempted to minimize the fallout in written responses to the suspension. The Biden administration had pledged to prioritize anti-corruption efforts in northern Central America as a driver of U.S.-bound migration, as Vice President Kamala Harris highlighted<\/a> during her first official foreign trip to Guatemala last month.<\/p>\n

<\/div><\/p>\n

\u201cOn that trip, the United States announced that we will launch an Anticorruption Task Force which will include U.S. prosecutors and law enforcement experts who will investigate corruption cases,\u201d Harris wrote Thursday in a letter<\/a> concerning U.S. strategy for addressing root causes of migration. Task force plans previously announced by the White House included capacity-building and mentorship for Guatemalan prosecutors from the Departments of Justice, Treasury, and State, with FECI as a key counterpart. The suspension of cooperation puts that work on hold before it even began.<\/p>\n

Regardless, the Guatemalan government is probably most concerned with the response of the Guatemalan people, Cux told The Intercept. \u201cI think they are still evaluating how long these kinds of shutdowns, protests, and citizens\u2019 demands will last,\u201d he said. \u201cIf the pressure keeps up, I think the government may cede to some extent.\u201d<\/p>\n

Along with the resignations of Porras and Giammattei, some communities and organizations are demanding Sandoval\u2019s reinstatement. Legally that would be possible, as the dismissal did not result from the disciplinary process required by law, said Cux. Practically, however, Cux said Sandoval has been the target of powerful groups that exert significant pressure on the government and would be much more willing to sacrifice Porras as attorney general than to accept Sandoval\u2019s reinstatement.<\/p>\n

Some communities in remote areas of the Quich\u00e9 and Alta Verapaz departments had called for two days of protests and maintained their road blockades overnight. While Indigenous authorities and social movements take stock and determine next steps following Thursday\u2019s mass demonstrations, spontaneous local actions will likely continue to take place in several departments of Guatemala. Feliciana Macario, a Maya K\u2019iche human rights leader, took part in a march Thursday in Santa Cruz del Quich\u00e9, 22 miles north of Los Encuentros, and she expects protests will continue.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt is outrageous that decisions are being made just to benefit a few people involved in corruption and also in human rights violations,\u201d said Macario, one of the coordinators of a national coalition that represents victims of Guatemala\u2019s decadeslong internal armed conflict.<\/p>\n

As is the case in most Central American countries, U.S. intervention in Guatemala has had far-reaching consequences. A U.S.-backed military coup in 1954 ushered in decades of dictatorships and civil war. An armed conflict between the military and leftist guerrilla forces spanned from 1960 to 1996, leaving an estimated 200,000 people dead and another 45,000 disappeared. More than 80 percent of victims were Maya civilians, and military forces were responsible for more than 90 percent of massacres and other atrocities according to a U.N.-backed truth commission, which concluded that state actors had committed acts of genocide. Domestic courts have since concurred.<\/p>\n

Prosecution of conflict-era crimes against humanity is the responsibility of a human rights prosecutor\u2019s bureau, which is separate from FECI. But those efforts would likely be affected by obstruction of FECI\u2019s attempts to prosecute a corruption case involving lawmakers, judges, and defendants who have allegedly all conspired together to stack the country\u2019s top courts. Macario sees the removal of Sandoval as the latest in a series of concerted developments intended to undermine justice. The CICIG shutdown, the closure of peace institutions<\/a> last year, and the alleged conspiracy to stack courts are all also part of efforts to ensure impunity for past and present crimes, she said.<\/p>\n

\u201cIt is all a big chain of events. That is why Guatemala is in agony right now,\u201d Macario told The Intercept. \u201cWe can only change the course of the country if we all unite.\u201d<\/p>\n

The post Guatemalan Communities Turn Out for Indigenous-Led Nationwide Shutdown<\/a> appeared first on The Intercept<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n

This post was originally published on The Intercept<\/a>. <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Guatemala\u2019s attorney general fired a top prosecutor of corruption last week. Now, Indigenous peoples and social movements are calling for both her and the president to resign.<\/p>\n

The post Guatemalan Communities Turn Out for Indigenous-Led Nationwide Shutdown<\/a> appeared first on The Intercept<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1334,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[340],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258560"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1334"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=258560"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258560\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":259255,"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/258560\/revisions\/259255"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=258560"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=258560"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=258560"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}