{"id":859449,"date":"2022-10-28T17:33:37","date_gmt":"2022-10-28T17:33:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/jacobin.com\/2022\/10\/australia-industrial-relations-system-capitalism-workers-hard-labour-book-review\/"},"modified":"2022-10-28T17:46:13","modified_gmt":"2022-10-28T17:46:13","slug":"australias-industrial-relations-system-is-designed-to-enrich-capital-at-workers-expense","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/2022\/10\/28\/australias-industrial-relations-system-is-designed-to-enrich-capital-at-workers-expense\/","title":{"rendered":"Australia\u2019s Industrial Relations System Is Designed to Enrich Capital at Workers\u2019 Expense"},"content":{"rendered":"\n  \n\n\n\n<h3>Since the 1980s, workplace law in Australia has crippled the union movement. Today, it\u2019s a finely tuned machine that exacerbates inequality in order to enrich a small minority of bosses.<\/h3>\n<hr\/>\n\n<figure>\n  <img alt src=\"https:\/\/images.jacobinmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/28173737\/GettyImages-484688802-1-900x606.jpg\"\/>\n  <figcaption>\n    Laborers secure freshly harvested bananas at the Liverpool River Bananas farm near Tully, Queensland, Australia, 2015. (Carla Gottgens \/ <cite>Bloomberg<\/cite> via Getty Images)\n  <\/figcaption>   \n<\/figure>\n\n\n\n\n  <p>Review of <i>Hard Labour: Wage Theft in the Age of Inequality<\/i> by Ben Schneiders (Scribe, 2022)<\/p>\n\n  <p>Ben Schneiders\u2019s recently released book, <a href=\"https:\/\/scribepublications.com.au\/books-authors\/books\/hard-labour-9781922585325\"><i>Hard Labour: Wage Theft in the Age of Inequality<\/i><\/a>, is labeled \u201ca dispiriting story of the concentration of power and wealth.\u201d While true enough, it\u2019s also an undersell. <i>Hard Labour<\/i> is the first honest mainstream depiction of how big capital steals billions from ordinary Australians on a daily basis, aided by conspirators including weirdo ideologues, parliamentary representatives, and henchmen in corrupt mega-unions.<\/p>\n<p>As an investigative journalist for the<i> Age<\/i> specializing in industrial reporting, Schneiders has form on the topic. Over the last decade, he\u2019s broken countless news stories about some of the largest dodgy employers and wage-theft scandals in Australia. And on top of this, he\u2019s among the minority of Australians who have taken <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smh.com.au\/national\/fairfax-journalists-rally-against-job-cuts-20120531-1zjlx.html\">unprotected industrial action<\/a> in defiance of the nation\u2019s draconian workplace relations system. Schneiders isn\u2019t just an old school journalist who\u2019s done the hard yards digging up the dirt. He\u2019s also a journalist who has stopped pretending that \u201cwe\u2019re all in this together.\u201d It\u2019s a neat combination that makes <i>Hard Labour <\/i>thought-provoking reading for unionists and leftists nationwide.<\/p>\n\n  \n\n    \n      \n        <hr\/>\n        <h2>The Age of Inequality<\/h2>\n        \n          <p><i>Hard Labour<\/i> is largely structured around four well-known industrial scandals. The first explores celebrity chefs exposed for <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smh.com.au\/business\/workplace\/dinner-by-heston-restaurant-owes-workers-4-5m-after-wage-theft-20200203-p53xa0.html\">exploiting kitchen staff<\/a>, while the second investigates retail chain 7-Eleven\u2019s <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smh.com.au\/interactive\/2015\/7-eleven-revealed\/\">entrapment<\/a> of vulnerable international students. In the last two, Schneiders probes the corrupt <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smh.com.au\/business\/workplace\/sold-out-quarter-of-a-million-workers-underpaid-in-union-deals-20160830-gr4f68.html\">industrial deals<\/a> signed by the Shop, Distributive and Allied Association (SDA) and the systematic <a href=\"https:\/\/www.smh.com.au\/business\/workplace\/we-have-the-same-rights-exploited-migrant-workers-win-big-payouts-20181012-p5098q.html\">hyperexploitation of migrant workers<\/a> on Australian farms.<\/p>\n<p>Indeed, <i>Hard Labour<\/i> paints a grim picture. Even if you\u2019ve followed his reporting over the years, the picture Schneiders paints is worthy of a late-\u201940s film noir. For example, take the pro\u2013free market H. R. Nicholls Society that plots away so thoroughly in \u201ca fusty, old Anglo-Melbourne\u201d restaurant that it renders itself triumphantly obsolete. Or there are the celebrity chef-backed shell companies that are headquartered in the Caribbean to avoid scrutiny and their legal obligations. Like a magical house of cards, they collapse at the slightest touch \u2014 and somehow remain completely unscathed.<\/p>\n<p>Schneiders courteously lampoons the army of lawyers who defend illegally low industrial agreements put forward by major employers. One such agreement cuts wages so badly that in order to be paid the minimum wage, a hypothetical teenage worker would need to take every type of leave in the contract, including blood donor, carer&#8217;s, defense, natural disaster, and unpaid leave. And on top of this, they would also need to be off work injured for six months <i>and<\/i> be made redundant \u2014 all in the space of one year. Schneiders reports how one of the solicitors responsible for defending the deal gallingly huffed in court that \u201cthe value of intangibles is as old as accounting itself.\u201d<\/p>\n<aside class=\"pq pq--right\"><q>What Schneiders really wants is for his readers to focus on a system that is rigged against ordinary people.<\/q><\/aside>\n<p>To his credit, Schneiders never brushes over the human toll of the noxious affairs he exposes. He has personally interviewed many of the workers involved and quotes a fair few of them. He doesn\u2019t gloss over their pain, suffering, despair, or perfectly righteous outrage.<\/p>\n<p>In a way, however, the human parts of <i>Hard Labour<\/i> are there for illustration. What Schneiders really wants is for his readers to focus on a <i>system<\/i> that is rigged against ordinary people. As he explains, he\u2019s on a mission to reveal<\/p>\n<blockquote><p>a whirring, self-perpetuating inequality machine . . . that runs from cradle to the grave, creating a parallel society for those who have the good fortune to access the gilded system or are born into it. The machine now appears nearly impossible to stop or slow.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p>This system has transferred billions from labor to capital and will mount ferocious campaigns to defend its right to continue doing so. Indeed, Schneiders details how he has become a minor victim of such campaigns. He also notes the implicit assumption made by those responsible, that \u201cthose with money and connections almost have a right to steal, unlike those with nothing, who can be jailed for far smaller thefts.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The problem is structural, he argues, and it makes us all \u201caccept the complete lack of democracy in much of our daily lives as the natural order of things.\u201d<\/p>\n\n        \n      \n        <hr\/>\n        <h2>The State of the Unions<\/h2>\n        \n          <p>Apart from neoliberalism and corporate greed, how did we get here? Schneiders offers several suggestions for how to answer this question. The most prominent is the dire state of working-class consciousness and organization.<\/p>\n<p><i>Hard Labour<\/i> presents, without a doubt, the most thorough overview of the state of the union movement in a mainstream publication. While sympathetic, it is not flattering. Schneiders doesn\u2019t bother pandering to right-wing talking points; in his view, unions are a force for good. \u201cMore than a century ago,\u201d he argues, \u201cthe labour movement transformed the country, no matter how unevenly, for the better. It used strikes and the collective power of workers to create an Australia partially in its own image.\u201d<\/p>\n<aside class=\"pq pq--left\"><q><em>Hard Labour<\/em> presents, without a doubt, the most thorough overview of the state of the union movement in a mainstream publication.<\/q><\/aside>\n<p>That is, until it didn\u2019t. Schneiders explores the deliberate demobilization of the labor movement in the 1980s, carried out quite openly by the Australian Labor Party (ALP), under the framework of the 1983 <a href=\"https:\/\/jacobin.com\/2020\/10\/australia-labor-party-neoliberalism-accord\">Prices and Incomes Accord<\/a>. This is where he pulls his punches somewhat. Although his account implicitly blames Labor, he remains politely agnostic on the extent of its culpability for our plight.<\/p>\n<p>For example, Schneiders briefly compares socialist Liz Ross\u2019s <i>Stuff the Accord! Pay up! Workers\u2019 Resistance to the ALP-ACTU Accord<\/i> to conservative Paul Kelly\u2019s <i>The End of Certainty: Power, Politics &amp; Business in Australia<\/i>. He concludes the comparison by arguing that \u201cneither narrative tells a fuller story of the contradictions arising out of the period, of the costs and benefits.\u201d The section ends with a story about a misguided communist trade union leader who enthusiastically endorsed the Accord. This could gel with <a href=\"https:\/\/overland.org.au\/2019\/04\/taking-back-worker-power-elizabeth-humphrys-how-labour-built-neoliberalism\/\">arguments<\/a> put forward by some in the labor movement, who see the Accord as a genuine collective answer to global instability. Such analyses typically maintain that it\u2019s a \u201cvulgar Marxist morality tale\u201d to blame Labor for Australian neoliberalism.<\/p>\n<p>Despite Schneiders\u2019s circumspection, however, on a closer reading he is less sympathetic to the Accord\u2019s apologists, it appears. He is also scathing in his depiction of the large unions that dominate the ALP. Schneiders gives an account, for example, of how leaders of the Australian Workers&#8217; Union forced Labor PM Julia Gillard to maintain the exploitative piece-rate system for fruit pickers. Then, after the Conservatives regained power, the same union leaders pretended to have been against it all along. The result is a convincing portrait of these powerful union leaders as unreliable opportunists.<\/p>\n<p>Schneiders also correctly depicts the SDA as far-right Catholic ideologues who seized control of Australia\u2019s biggest union before offering the nation&#8217;s major retailers $40 million per year and zero industrial action in return for exclusive access to new members. Having inflated its membership in collusion with the bosses, the SDA uses its industrial clout in the Labor Party to wreck progressive policy. If it sounds like a genuine conspiracy, that\u2019s because it is \u2014 and Schneiders even includes the SDA leadership\u2019s secret Vatican society membership cards for good measure.<\/p>\n<p>Only three unions are held up for any praise, and two of them are independent of the Labor Party. Schneiders congratulates the ALP-affiliated United Workers Union for modest growth and for their willingness to engage in the occasional strike. A nitpicker might argue that the strategic details \u2014 \u201cthe strike succeeded!&#8221; \u2014 are a little bare. Similarly, the Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation (ANMF) receives praise for having grown its membership and being willing to criticize sellouts like the SDA when needed. The near-complete omission of any discussion of the nation\u2019s most powerful union, the Construction, Forestry, Maritime, Mining and Energy Union (CFMEU), is perhaps due more to the domestic violence scandals involving its former leader than a lack of industrial relevance.<\/p>\n<p>However, the real hero of Schneiders\u2019s show is the Retail and Fast Food Workers Union (RAFFWU), which <a href=\"https:\/\/jacobin.com\/2020\/05\/australia-retail-fast-food-orkers-union-organizing\">emerged in 2016<\/a> in opposition to the SDA. Without exaggerating, <i>Hard Labour <\/i>appreciatively outlines the gains won by RAFFWU while also quoting the union\u2019s secretary, Josh Cullinan, extensively. This makes it clear that Schneiders is sympathetic to the idea that for unions to have a future, they will have to both maintain independence from the Labor Party machine and be willing to engage in industrial militancy.<\/p>\n\n        \n      \n        <hr\/>\n        <h2>OK, so What Is to Be Done?<\/h2>\n        \n          <p>Despite everything that has gone wrong, Schneiders notes accurately that \u201cworkers are not storming the barricades\u201d and that \u201cmajor political change on inequality, for now, appears unlikely.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Schneiders\u2019s proposed solutions are cautiously diverse and are clearly based on discussions he has had with various labor movement leaders, activists, and experts. It can at times be a little contradictory. For example, the reader is told that \u201cfundamental changes to the workplace relations system are required . . . to allow workers to build power from the ground up.\u201d At the same time, Schneiders also asserts that \u201cthe legal and industrial system shifting is often a manifestation of social and economic pressure, rather than the other way around.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Another example of this confusion is from a union leader that Schneiders quotes who warns that it took revolutions to end the last gilded age \u2014 and then advocates for agricultural cooperatives. At one point, Schneiders himself proposes that Australia should emulate \u201cScandinavian societies,\u201d before suggesting later that richer unions like the CFMEU could just sell their assets to fund worker-owned companies.<\/p>\n<p>But these issues aren\u2019t the main point; <i>Hard Labour<\/i> is not intended as a manifesto. And it\u2019s admirable that Schneiders expresses support for \u201ca slow rebuilding of activism, of ambition, of a broader project than just refining workplace law.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>It will be interesting to see what follows in mainstream publishing, now that the politely partisan Schneiders has let the cat out of the bag. We might see a flood of titles emulating his talking points. A more depressing possibility is <i>Hard Labour<\/i> will become an outlier as most journalists and labor movement talking heads fall in silently behind the new Anthony Albanese government. In the end, however, the most important audience for Schneiders\u2019s book is the working people whose story he tells. In their hands, his suggestions could help lay the basis for a revival in union power.<\/p>\n\n        \n           \n    \n\n   \n  <hr\/>\n  \n\n\n<p class=\"syndicated-attribution\">This post was originally published on <a href=\"https:\/\/jacobin.com\/2022\/10\/australia-industrial-relations-system-capitalism-workers-hard-labour-book-review\/\">Jacobin<\/a>. <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ben Schneiders\u2019s recently released book, Hard Labour: Wage Theft in the Age of Inequality, is labeled \u201ca dispiriting story of the concentration of power and wealth.\u201d While true enough, it\u2019s also an undersell. Hard Labour is the first honest mainstream depiction of how big capital steals billions from ordinary Australians on a daily basis, aided [\u2026]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1650,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/859449"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1650"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=859449"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/859449\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":859450,"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/859449\/revisions\/859450"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=859449"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=859449"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/radiofree.asia\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=859449"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}